Transcript File

Earth-Sun The Water
Weather
Instruments Relationship
Cycle
Convection
Currents
Air
Pressure
Thermal
Energy
Challenge!
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Category: Weather
Weather Instruments
$100
This instrument measures temperature,
usually in Fahrenheit and Celsius degrees.
Answer
thermometer
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Weather Instruments
$200
This instrument may look like an arrow that
points in the wind (the direction from
which the wind is blowing to). You may see
it on top of a building.
Answer
wind vane
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Weather Instruments
$300
Depending on the type of weather system,
it may take as much as 10-12 inches of
snow to equal 1 inch of rain. Amount of
precipitation is measured in this
instrument.
Answer
rain gauge
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Weather Instruments
$400
One style of this instrument looks like a
propeller on an airplane or a K’NEX car,
while another style may look like cups
revolving around a pole that is perpendicular
to the ground. What instrument is this, and
what does it measure?
Answer
An anemometer measures wind speed.
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Weather Instruments
$500
Which statement is false?
A) When air pressure decreases quickly on a barometer,
stormy weather may be in the forecast.
B) When humidity increases on a hygrometer, stormy
weather may be in the forecast.
C) When air pressure increases quickly on a barometer,
stormy weather may be in the forecast.
D) When an anemometer increases speed, stormy weather
may be on the way.
Answer: C
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Earth-Sun Relationship
$100
Earth has seasons, because
A) it is tilted 23.5° on its axis.
B) it has an elliptical orbit. Sometimes Earth is close
to the Sun, and sometimes it’s farther away.
C) it rotates. Sometimes it’s light outside, and
sometimes it’s dark outside.
D) it’s boring to have the same seasons all the time.
Answer: A
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Earth-Sun Relationship
$200
The Earth receives the Sun’s rays (energy) at
direct angles and at indirect angles, because
A) it is tilted 23.5° on its axis.
B) there is one Equator, one Prime Meridian, and two poles.
C) it rotates and revolves, so it catches rays quickly.
D) it is shaped like a sphere (ball).
Answer: D
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Earth-Sun Relationship
$300
The Earth revolves around the Sun in an elliptical
(oval) orbit. When the Earth is closest to the Sun in
January, the northern hemisphere is tilted away from
the Sun. What season is it in North Carolina?
A) Spring
B) Winter
C) Summer
D) Fall
Answer: B
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Earth-Sun Relationship
$400
Walter lives in Denver, Colorado. During the school
year, he enjoys the seasons in this order: summer,
fall, winter, and spring. Kate lives in Sydney,
Australia. She attends school at the same time as
Walter. During her school year, she enjoys the
seasons in this order:
A) fall, winter, spring, summer
B) winter, fall, spring, summer
C) winter, spring, summer, fall
D) spring, winter, fall, summer
Answer: C
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Earth-Sun Relationship
$500
What is the North Star and why is it
important?
A) The North Star helps guide the sun around the Earth.
B) This star only can be seen during the summer and
winter solstice.
C) It controls the speed of the Earths rotation.
D) The Earth is always tilted towards this bright star no
matter where it is around the sun.
Answer: D
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The Water Cycle
$100
During evaporation, water molecules are:
A) heated, moving quickly, rising, expanding
B) cooled, moving slowly, sinking, contracting
C) heated, moving slowly, rising, stationary
D) cooled, moving quickly, late for class
Answer: A
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The Water Cycle
$200
Some scientists include collection as a water
cycle stage. In collection, water may: runoff
into a body of water; sink into the Earth to
become groundwater; or prepare to evaporate
quickly again. Including collection, name the
four stages of the water cycle in order.
Answer: (beginning with any stage): evaporation →
condensation → precipitation → collection.
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The Water Cycle
$300
A warm air mass collides with a cold air mass.
Droplets form.
1) Which stage of the water cycle is this? And
2) Give a real world example of this stage of the
water cycle.
Answer
1)
condensation
2)
(answers vary: cloud, cold drink in Sun, etc).
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The Water Cycle
$400
Water vapor has lost its heat. It becomes cold,
dense, heavy, and it sinks through the
troposphere to Earth’s surface.
1) Name four different forms of water that fall to the Earth.
2) Name two kinds of clouds that precipitate.
Answer
1) rain, snow, sleet, hail
2) (answers vary: cumulonimbus, nimbostratus, etc).
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The Water Cycle
$500
Forecast: “A warm front is moving into North Carolina
from the Gulf of Mexico. This low pressure system will
bring 2-3 days of long, slow, and steady rain and drizzle.
Then, a colder and drier air mass carried by the Jet Stream
from the northwest, will clear out these kinds of clouds (1),
and replace them with these kinds of clouds (2), making
fair weather.” Order and name clouds in air masses 1 & 2.
A) 1-cirrus, 2-stratocumulus
B) 1-cumulonimbus, 2-stratus
C) 1-nimbostratus, 2-cirrus
D) 1-cumulus, 2-cirrusly?
Answer: C
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Convection Currents
$100
Which best describes why winds at the beach change
direction between day and night?
A.
Because cool air sinks and stays in place over land
B. Because cool air rises and is replaced by warm air
from the ocean
C. Because warm air over land sinks and stays in place
over land
D. Because the temperatures over land and water change
Answer: B
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Convection Currents
$200
Explain how smoke from a fire can be an example
of a convection current.
Answer: Answer will vary.
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Convection Currents
$300
What is most responsible for the uneven heating of the
air in the atmosphere?
A. Radiation
B. Convection
C. Conduction
D. Condensation
Answer: B
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Convection Currents
$400
Convection may occur through air (gas) and
water (liquid). The Gulf Stream ocean
current travels north from Florida to Canada.
How may this affect weather in Canada?
Answer
Canada may have warmer weather.
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Convection Currents
$500
In Finding Nemo, Marlin, Dory, Crush, and Squirt
navigate the superhighway of the waters, the
Eastern Australian Current (along the eastern coast
of Australia), to rescue Nemo. They swam the
EAC from near the Great Barrier Reef south to
Sydney Harbour. How can the EAC be called a
warm ocean current if sea turtles and fish are
swimming south, toward the South Pole?
Answer: In the Southern hemisphere, warm ocean currents bring heat
from the Equator to the south. Cold ocean currents travel north from
the South Pole to the Equator. All of this is opposite of ocean currents
in the Northern hemisphere.
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Air Pressure
$100
A warm air mass is approaching. As a meteorologist,
you must know about the properties of air. Which
description of warm air is correct?
A) Warm air = less dense, light, rises, expands
B) Warm air = less dense, heavy, sinks, contracts
C) Warm air = more dense, light, rises, expands
D) Warm air = more dense, heavy, sinks, contracts
Answer: A
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Air Pressure
$200
Which of the following is false?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Air takes up space.
Cold air takes up more space than warm air.
Air weighs something.
Air has pressure.
Answer: B
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Air Pressure
$300
The atmosphere is an ocean of air. Think of the air in the
atmosphere as if it were all organized into columns (like the
columns in your convection box). The bottom of the column
has the most air, and the top of the column has the least air.
If warm air rises, then why is it colder on the peak of Mount
Everest than at the base?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Because of the snow at the mountain peak. Snow is cold.
Because the Jet Stream brings cold air from the North Pole.
Because no people live there. People exhale carbon dioxide,
which produces heat.
Because there is less air higher up in the column, which means
that there is less air to hold heat. Air pressure is low.
Answer: D
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Air Pressure
$400
If cold air is more dense than warm air, then cold
air should have more oxygen molecules than warm
air. So, then why is it so hard to breathe at the top of
Mount Everest?
A)
B)
C)
D)
Because most mountain climbers are out of shape, and forget to
bring their oxygen tanks.
Because the snow brings the O from oxygen to make more
H2O, which makes more precipitation.
Because there is less air higher up in the column, which means
there is less air to breathe.
Because the climbers’ breath has been taken away by the
beautiful aerial views of the cumulus clouds below them.
Answer: C
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Air Pressure
$500
Which weather change is most likely indicated by a rapidly
falling air pressure?
A. clearing and fair skies
B. approaching storm
C. below freezing temperatures
D. approaching dry, hot heat wave
Answer: B
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Thermal Energy
$100
Which of the following is an example of convection:
A.
B.
C.
D.
A chocolate bar melting in your hand
Hot air rising in your living room
Hot wax melting from a stick over a flame
Heat on your hand from a candle
Answer: B
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Thermal Energy
$200
Conduction – heat transfer through two things touching
Convection – heat transfer through liquids & gases
Radiation – heat transfer through space
Read the definitions of the three different kinds of thermal
energy above. Give one example of each kind of thermal
energy, and a briefly justify your reasoning.
Answers Vary
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Thermal Energy
$300
Who experiences all three kinds of heat transfer?
A) Jorie swims in an outdoor pool on a fair weather day in
July, and uses the metal ladder to get out of the pool.
B) Gabrial pushes a lawn mower to cut the grass on a fair
weather day in July, and feels a cool sea breeze on his
face, because he lives near Lake Michigan.
C) Laney builds a snowman in the melting snow on a
sunny day. She is breathing heavily, and it looks like
her breath is rising. During break, her mother hands her
a cup of hot chocolate.
Answer: All Three! (A, B, & C)
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Thermal Energy
$400
What happens to metal railroad tracks during the
heat of the summer day?
A. Decrease in weight
B. Increase in weight
C. Decrease in length
D. Increase in length
Answer: D
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Thermal Energy
$500
Pasqualina was tired from work. She wanted to take a hot
bath to relax. She filled the bathtub with very hot water. Oh
no! She forgot to run her errand to the bank. When she came
back home, her bathwater was bathroom temperature. Why?
A)
B)
C)
D)
The hot bathwater lost heat to the cooler bathroom air.
The cool bathroom air was warmed by the hot bathwater.
Her son put two ice cubes in the bathtub as a joke.
Both A & B are correct, because temperature reached
equilibrium, or balance, over time.
Answer: D
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Challenge
$100
Harold has warmed some serving plates in the oven before serving a
nice meal to his family on them. The most likely reason why Harold is
warming the serving plates is: (Explain your answer.)
A) Harold does not want the serving plates to crack when he places
hot food on them.
B) Harold wants his brothers and sisters to learn not to grab hot
plates.
C) The warm plates will help keep the food warmer for a longer time.
D) By warming the plates, Harold can cool the food in them enough
for the family to eat it.
Answer: C
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Challenge
$200
You are flying to Helena, the capital of Montana. When you
are flying you notice ice crystals on the window. What
process of the water cycle is responsible for the formation of
these?
A. Transpiration
B. Evaporation
C. Condensation
D. Precipitation
Answer: C
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Challenge
$300
This symbol is on a weather map and shows wind speed.
The lines represent feathers. A short feather is 5 knots. A
long feather is 10 knots and a triangular feather is 50 knots.
What is the wind speed based on this diagram.
A)
B)
C)
D)
70 knots
60 knots
10 knots
50 knots
Answer: A
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Challenge
$400
There is a cold ocean current that runs past
California. How would that affect precipitation?
A)Cold currents cause more clouds and less rain.
B) Cold currents cause more rain because of less
clouds.
C) Cold currents cause less rain because of less
cloud formation.
D)Cold currents cause more cloud formation and
more rain.
Answer: C
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Challenge
$500
Knowing that the weather in the United States moves west to east,
where do you think you could find the United States on this map?
Answers vary:
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