Transcript Chapter 15 Review

Chapter 15 Test Review
The Atmosphere
Characteristics
of the
Atmosphere
Heating of the
Atmosphere
Atmospheric
Pressure and
Winds
The Air We
Breathe
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1. Wind occurs because air tends
to move from regions of higher to
lower.
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a. latitude.
b. nitrogen levels.
c. pressure.
d. humidity.
2. Wind is created by differences in
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a. air temperature.
b. air pressure.
c. humidity.
d. altitude.
3. In which section do the westerlies
occur?
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a. section 1
b. section 3
c. section 2
d. section 4
4. In which section do the polar
easterlies occur?
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a. section 1
b. section 3
c. section 2
d. section 4
5. In which section do the southeast
trade winds occur?
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a. section 1
c. section 3
b. section 2
d. section 4
6. Where are the doldrums?
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a. at 0º latitude
b. at 60º latitude
c. at 30º latitude
d. at the poles
7. Which of the following
statements describing a sea breeze
is true?
• a. Air over the water is cooler, which creates
an area of high pressure.
• b. Air over the water is cooler, which creates
an area of low pressure.
• c. Air over the water is warmer, which creates
an area of low pressure.
• d. Air over the water is warmer, which creates
an area of high pressure.
8. Which of the following statements
describing a land breeze is true?
• a. Air over the water is cooler, creating an area
of high pressure as it rises.
• b. Air over the water is cooler, creating an area
of low pressure as it rises.
• c. Air over the water is warmer, creating an
area of low pressure as it rises.
• d. Air over the water is warmer, creating an
area of high pressure as it rises.
9. At night, cool air sinks into a
valley from the mountain peaks,
creating a
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a. valley breeze.
b. land breeze.
c. mountain breeze.
d. jet stream.
10. During the day, warm air from a
valley moves upslope, creating a
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a. valley breeze.
b. land breeze.
c. mountain breeze.
d. sea breeze.
11. Compared to the poles, the air
at the equator is warmer and
• a. less dense, creating an area of high
pressure as it rises.
• b. less dense, creating an area of low
pressure as it rises.
• c. more dense, creating an area of low
pressure as it rises.
• d. more dense, creating an area of high
pressure as it rises.
12. Most of the heat from
equatorial regions is moved
toward the poles by
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a. convection.
b. conduction.
c. radiation.
d. precipitation.
13. Near the Earth's surface, air is
heated by
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a. convection.
b. ozone.
c. solar winds.
d. conduction.
14. Narrow belts of high-speed
winds that blow in the upper
troposphere and lower
stratosphere are known as
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a. trade winds.
b. jet streams.
c. westerlies.
d. polar easterlies.
15. The Earth’s rotation causes
wind to travel in a curved path
rather than in a straight line do to
a phenomenon called the _______.
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a. Easterlies
b. Polar Easterlies
c. Coriolis effect
d. Westerlies
1. About ____ percent of the solar
energy that reaches the outer
atmosphere is absorbed at the
Earth's surface.
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a. 20
b. 50
c. 30
d. 70
2. The Earth receives energy from
the sun in the form of
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a. ozone.
b. carbon dioxide.
c. nitrogen.
d. radiation.
3. When radiation reaches the
Earth's atmosphere, about 25
percent of it is
• a. scattered and reflected by clouds and
air.
• b. absorbed by the Earth's surface.
• c. reflected by the Earth's surface.
• d. absorbed by ozone, clouds, and air.
4. When radiation reaches the
Earth's atmosphere, about 5
percent of it is
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a. reflected by clouds and air.
b. absorbed by the Earth's surface.
c. reflected by the Earth's surface.
d. absorbed by ozone, clouds, and air.
5. When radiation reaches the
Earth's atmosphere, about 20
percent of it is
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a. reflected by the Earth's surface.
b. reflected by clouds and air.
c. absorbed by ozone, clouds, and air.
d. absorbed by the Earth's surface.
6. How does most thermal energy in
the atmosphere move?
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a. conduction
b. convection
c. advection
d. radiation
7. Near the Earth's surface, air is
heated by
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a. convection.
b. ozone.
c. solar winds.
d. conduction.
8. The balance between incoming
radiation and outgoing heat energy
is called
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a. convection.
b. radiation balance.
c. conduction.
d. greenhouse effect.
9. Most of the United States is
located in which prevailing wind
belt?
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a. northeast trade winds
b. southeast trade winds
c. westerlies
d. doldrums
10. An increase in the greenhouse
effect would cause
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a. global warming.
b. convection.
c. conduction.
d. acid precipitation.
1. In the stratosphere, temperature
____ with increasing altitude.
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a. decreases
b. fluctuates
c. increases
d. stays the same
1. Which of the following produces
the greatest amount of pollution?
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a. human-made primary pollutants
b. human-made secondary pollutants
c. naturally made primary pollutants
d. None of the above
2. Which of the following is NOT
considered to be a pollutant?
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a. dust
b. sea salt
c. pollen
d. None of the above
3. Automobile exhaust reacts with
air and sunlight to form
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a. smog.
b. ozone.
c. a primary pollutant.
d. acid precipitation.
4. Ozone reacts with automobile
exhaust to form
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a. ash.
b. smoke.
c. a primary pollutant.
d. smog.
5. Seventy percent of the carbon
monoxide in the United States is
produced by
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a. power plants.
b. fuel-burning vehicles.
c. volcanoes.
d. factories.
6. Which of the following is NOT an
effect of air pollution?
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a. cancer
b. increased colds
c. allergies
d. None of the above
7. The Clean Air Act
• a. controls the amount of air pollutants that
can be released from most sources.
• b. requires cars to run on fuels other than
gasoline.
• c. requires many industries to use
scrubbers.
• d. (a) and (c) only
8. ____ removes ash and other
particles from smokestacks.
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a. Ozone
b. Convection
c. Scrubber
d. Radiation
2. The part of the atmosphere that
humans live in.
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a. stratosphere.
b. troposphere.
c. thermosphere.
d. mesosphere.
3. The ____ is the coldest layer of the
atmosphere.
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a. troposphere
b. mesosphere
c. stratosphere
d. thermosphere
4. The area of the atmosphere that
has extreme temperatures, but it
wouldn’t feel hot if you were there.
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a. thermosphere.
c. mesosphere.
b. stratosphere.
d. troposphere.
5. The area of the atmosphere that
some radio signals like AM signals
are reflected back down to Earth
and be heard anyplace on the globe.
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a. Troposphere
b. Stratosphere
c. Mesosphere
d. Ionosphere
6. What is the most abundant gas in
the air that we breathe?
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a. Oxygen
b. Hydrogen
c. Nitrogen
d. Carbon dioxide
7. The layers of the atmosphere are
divided into layers based on_____.
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a. Altitude
b. Temperature
c. Atmospheric pressure
d. the type of gasses it is composed of
8. What percent of the atmosphere is
composed of oxygen?
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a. 78%
b. 22%
c. 68%
d. 21%
9. What is the most abundant gas in
the air that we breathe?
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a. Oxygen
b. Hydrogen
c. Nitrogen
d. Carbon dioxide
10. As ____ increases, air pressure
decreases
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a. Water vapor
b. Radiation
c. Altitude
d. Pollution
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