Transcript Mr. Burton 3.1 Notes

Mr. Burton
3.1 Notes
Please Grab:
1. Your folder.
2. Writing Utensil.
3. Answer the following question:
What is the difference between
weather and climate?
Climate is the temperature
over a period of time
Weather
The short-term changes in the air for a given
place and time
Temperature and precipitation from hour to
hour or day to day
 Climate
A region’s average weather conditions over a
long period
The expected weather for a place based on
data and experience
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How the sun affects climate
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Tilt
• The part of the Earth tilted toward the sun receives more solar
energy than the part tilted away from the sun.
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Movement
• As Earth revolves around the sun, the part of Earth that is tilted
toward the sun changes during the year, thus creating the
seasons.
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Shape
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Earth’s spherical shape means that the sun’s rays directly strike
the equator, but only somewhat strike the poles.
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The farther from the equator, or the higher the latitude, the
colder the climate.
Wind
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Air and water warmed by the sun are
constantly on the move, making different
areas of Earth warmer or cooler.
Wind, or the sideways movement of air, blows
in great streams around the planet.
Prevailing winds are winds that blow in the
same direction over large areas of Earth.
Wind cont…
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Weight of air
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Cold air is heavier than warm air.
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When air cools, it gets heavier and sinks.
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When air warms, it gets lighter and rises.
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As warm air rises, cooler air moves in to take its place, creating wind.
The rising, sinking, and flowing of air creates Earth’s prevailing wind
patterns.
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At the equator, hot air rises and flows toward the poles.
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At the poles, cold air sinks and flows toward the equator.
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Earth’s rotation causes prevailing winds to curve east or west.
Prevailing winds can make a region warmer or colder and drier or
wetter.
Water and Wind
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Ocean currents—large streams of surface seawater driven by
winds—move heat around Earth.
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Carry warm or cool water to different areas
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Water’s temperature affects air temperature near it.
Large bodies of water, such as an ocean or sea, also affect
climate.
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Water heats and cools more slowly than land does.
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Large bodies of water make the temperature of the land nearby
milder.
The place where two air masses of different temperatures or moisture
content meet is a front.
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Can produce rain, snow, thunderstorms, and blizzards
Storms: Thunderstorms, Blizzards,
Tornadoes, Hurricanes and Typhoons
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TH: Produce rain, lightning, and thunder
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Most common in spring and summer
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BL: Produce strong winds and large amounts of snow
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Most common during winter
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T: Small, rapidly twisting funnel of air that touches the ground
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Can be destructive and deadly
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H and TY: Large, rotating storms that form over tropical waters
in the Atlantic Ocean (hurricanes) or Pacific Ocean (typhoons).
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Produce drenching rains, strong winds, and storm surges
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Largest, most destructive storms
Mountains influence temperature
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Mountains can influence an area’s climate by
affecting both temperature and precipitation.
Temperature decreases with elevation, the height on
Earth’s surface above sea level.
Mountains also create wet and dry areas.
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Air blowing against mountains is forced to rise.
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As the air rises, it cools and precipitation falls.
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This effect produces a rain shadow, a dry area on the
mountainside facing away from the direction of the wind.
Exit Slip: Post-It
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Identify one thing which you learned
today in class.