Transcript SE - Dickinson ISD

Warm up
Where would you like to live and why? Describe
what type of landforms you would find around
your house, and how they would affect your
life? (weather, job, hobbies)
SE – Factors affecting Climate
• Explain how elevation, latitude, wind
systems, ocean currents, position on a
continent, and mountain barriers influence
temperature, precipitation, and distribution of
climate regions
Elevation
•Temperatures change with changes in
elevation.
•The temperature of the atmosphere
drops three degrees Fahrenheit for
every 1000 feet in elevation rise.
Snow Capped mountains near the equator. How is that possible?
Latitude
•One of the primary factors
affecting the unequal heating
of the Earth’s atmosphere is
latitude
•Solar Rays are more
concentrated on the equator
Wind Systems
•Monsoon winds are giant sea and land breezes produced by seasonal changes in
the way the wind blows.
•The summer monsoon wind blows ‘sea’ air inland.
•In the winter monsoon, the wind reverses producing a ‘land’ breeze.
•Sea and land breezes are caused by the difference in sea and land temperatures.
Winds cont.
Global winds• trade winds
• the prevailing
westerlies
• the polar easterlies
Local winds• land breezes
• ocean breezes
CONVECTION CURRENTS
Warm equator
air rises and
heads towards
the poles. Cold
air heads
toward the
equator.
Otherwise the
poles would
ALWAYS get
colder and the
equator would
CONSTANTLY
get hotter!
Ocean Currents
•The oceans are in
constant motion. These
motions carry heat
around the world in
regular patterns. Ocean
currents are a main
factor effecting climate
•Warm air and water
are transported up
towards the poles,
while cool air and water
are transported down
towards the equator.xi
•Water in the ocean
holds a large amount of
heat, the ocean has a
major effect on climate
Ocean Current cont.
The Gulf Stream starts in the Gulf of Mexico (VERY VERY
WARM…near the equator..) and travels to western
Europe (NOT SO WARM) The warm water brings warm
air with it.
 The Gulf Stream brings that warm moist air to England,
Spain, Portugal, and France so it….
 RAINS A LOT
 DOESN’T GET TOO ICY IN WINTER
 SUMMERS NICE AND COOL
 Western Europe has a temperate climate year round
unlike Eastern Europe
Position on a Continent
Land experiences greater
temperature swings than water. Land
heats faster than water.
The result is extreme temperature
ranges over land.
Mountain Barriers
•Mountains can affect the climate of nearby lands
•mountains block rain, so that one side of a
mountain range may be rainy and the other side may
be a desert
The Windward is the side of a
mountain that is facing into the
direction that the wind is
coming from.
The Leeward side is the wind
protected side of a mountain.
Precipitation
•Cold air can’t hold moisture, ergo it drops the moisture it can’t hold.
So it rains more often where it is cold.
•Hot air absorbs moisture, ergo it can keep its moisture and not rain as
often which creates humidity
Climograph
• Graphical representation of the average monthly
precipitation and average monthly temperature
Climograph must haves:
•Months on the X-axis
•Monthly average
Precipitation Y-axis
•Monthly average
temperature opposite y-axis
Hint for the Y-axises- the
range must be low enough
and high enough to fit all the
ranges in there.
Activity: Create a climograph
1.
2.
3.
Label the months on the x-axis
The rain fall data will be your bar graph. Make sure that the smallest
amount of precipitation and the largest amount of precipitation can fit in
there. Select a colored pencil and make your bar graph.
Once that is done select a different color pencil. Label the other x-axis
with the temperature range. On each month put a dot on the average
temperature. Connect the dots with a straight line to show the change
between months.
Data for your 2 Climographs
London
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
mm
48.
0
38.9
39.9
42.2
47.3
52.1
59.5
57.2
55.4
62.0
59.0
52.9
Temp
°C
4.3
4.5
6.4
9.1
12.2
15.4
17.3
16.8
14.6
11.2
7.3
5.4
New York, NY
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
mm
73.0
93.2
113.0
102.5
89.6
69.0
96.4
109.5
93.2
86.3
105.8
100.1
Temp
°C
-0.5
0.1
4.7
9.5
15.0
20.3
23.5
22.8
18.8
13.0
8.0
2.0
Step 1
• Draw the x and y axis
Step 2
• Label the months
Jan Feb Mar Apr
Step 3
• Find the lowest amount of rain fall and the highest amount of
rainfall. Label the precipitation(rainfall) axis.
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Jan Feb Mar Apr
Step 4
Start at January and make your bar graph for the
amount of precipitation
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Step 5
• After the bar graph is created it is now time to create the
other y-axis for the temp. (Find the highest and lowest temp)
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Step 6
• Plot(make a dot) for each temperature for the month. After all the
temperatures are plotted connect the dots with straight lines
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