Transcript Storms Review Powerpoint

Storms Review – 1
• Describe the heating of the Earth’s surface.
(land vs. water)
– The Earth’s surface is heated unevenly because
different substances absorb and retain different
amount of heat. Land warms and cools quickly.
Water warms and cools slowly.
Storms Review - 2
• The air masses over the pacific Northwest are
usually cool and moist. Why?
– Air masses take on the characteristics of the
surface it forms over. Since there is a cool moist
ocean near the Pacific Northwest, the air masses
here are typically cool and moist.
Storms Review - 3
• The weather man said that yesterday a cold
front came in? What is that? What type of
weather is usually associated with fronts?
Cooler Air
Mass
Front
– A front is where two air masses meet. So, in a cold
front a cooler air mass moved in to take the place
of a warmer air mass. Storms usually take place
along fronts.
Warmer Air Mass
Storms Review - 4
• On the map:
– Which is a warm
front? What does that
mean?
• B is the warm front.
A warm front is when
warmer air is going into
cooler air.
B
A
Storms Review - 5
• What makes the wind blow? What is the
process called?
– Rising warmer air is replaced with falling cooler
air. The moving air is called wind. This process is
called the convection current.
Wind
Storms Review - 6
• How are low pressure areas created?
– Air rising creates low pressure areas
• What type of weather is usually associated with low pressure
areas?
– Stormy weather is usually associated with low pressure because
clouds can form in low pressure.
• How are high pressure areas created?
– High pressure areas are created when air falls.
• What type of weather is usually associated with low pressure
areas?
– High pressure areas are associated with clear weather because
clouds cannot form in high pressure areas.
Storms Review - 7
• What is the name for each
process?
– From water vapor to cloud?
• Condensation
– Water moves from clouds to
surface?
• Precipitation
– Water moves from the surface to
the clouds?
• Evaporation
– Where does the water cycle end?
• Nowhere. It does not have a
beginning or an ending.
Storms Review - 8
• When flying the other day, I noticed that we went right
past and above the clouds and the rest of the sky was
totally clear. Hmmmmm?
– Explain how that is possible –
• All the clouds are in the troposphere and the plane went higher than
the troposphere
– What are the layers of the atmosphere? (From bottom to top)
• Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere
– What layer do jet airplanes cruise in?
• Stratosphere
– How do the pressure and amount of air change as you go up in
altitude
• As you go up, the pressure decreases and the air thins
Storms Review - 9
• Describe the convection currents in the ocean.
– The Earth heats the oceans unevenly (Warm at the
equator and cold at the poles). Warmer water rises
and colder water sinks. The cold water moves over
to replace the warm water that is rising and that
makes a deep ocean current.
• In La Nina years a lot of cold water comes up to
the surface! What’s up with that?
– During La Nina years, the wind is blowing especially
hard over the ocean causing cooler water to rise up
and make the surface of the ocean cooler.
Storms Review - 10
• Describe why the surface of the ocean has
currents? Which direction do they go?
– The ocean surface has currents because the wind
blows. The surface currents go in the same
direction as the wind is blowing.
Storms Review - 11
• How can currents influence the climate?
Name a place whose climate is different than
it should be because of a current.
– Currents create air masses above them which
influences the land they form near. An example
would be near England. It is warmer than it
should be there because a warm current passes
nearby.
Test Review
• What are the five types of
clouds?
– Fog, Stratus, Cumulus,
Cumulonimbus and Cirrus
• What three factors determine
the type of cloud that forms?
– Temperature, pressure and
humidity.
• Describe how the troposphere
changes with elevation.
– As elevation rises, the
temperature decreases, air
thins and pressure decreases.