Transcript Results

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• The YBR is
located in
South America
(Ecuador), at
the intersection
of the Amazon,
the Andes, and
the equator.
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•This makes the
YBR one of the
most biodiverse
places on Earth.
•
The YBR is
located in 3
provinces:
Orellana,
Pastaza and
Napo.
•
The area of the
YBR is about
2,700,000
hectares.
FARMERS AND
SETTLEMENTS
WAORANI ETHNIC
RESERVE
YASUNI NATIONAL
PARK
INTANGIBLE ZONE
QUICHUA
COMMUNITY
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•
WAORANI ETHNIC
RESERVE
YASUNI NATIONAL
PARK
INTANGIBLE ZONE
QUICHUA
COMMUNITY
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Protected
area of great
cultural and
biological
importance in
which no type
of extractive
activity can be
carried out
due to the
high value
they have for
the Amazon
region
1930: BEGINNING OIL
EXPLOITATION
1970: AUCA ROAD
CONSTRUCTION
1979: CREATION OF THE
YASUNÍ NATIONAL
PARK
1989: STATEMENT OF
THE YASUNÍ BIOSPHERE
RESERVE BY UNESCO
2009: THE SECOND MAP
OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
2008: FORMALIZATION
THE YASUNÍ BIOSPHERE
RESERVE BY THE
MINISTRY OF
ENVIROMENT
2006: THE FIRST MAP OF
HUMAN ACTIVITIES
STATEMENT OF THE
INTANGIBLE ZONE
(TAGAERI –
TAROMENANE)
2009: PRELIMINARY
PROPOSAL OF
ZONIFICATION
2011: MANAGEMENT
PLAN
2015: THE THIRD MAP
OF HUMAN ACTIVITIES
AND THREAT
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PEOPLE IN
VOLUNTARY
ISOLATION
(TAGAERI
TAROMENANE)
SETTLERS
FARMERS
CULTURAL
CONTEXT
2274 SPECIES OF
TREES AND
BUSHES.
ANCIENT
NATIONALITIES:
WAORANI
KICHWA
SAPARA
SHUAR
ONE OF THE MOST
BIODIVERSE PLACES
ON EARTH.
AN IMPORTANT
REPRESENTATION OF
TROPICAL FOREST AND
SWAMP ZONES.
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BIOLOGICAL
CONTEXT
A BIG VARIETY OF WILDLIFE:
204 SPECIES OF MAMMALS.
610 SPECIES OF BIRDS
121 SPECIES OF REPTILES.
139 SPECIES OF AMPHIBIANS.
MORE THAN 268 SPECIES OF FISH.
2006: MAP OF
HUMAN ACTIVITIES
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Objective:
Assessing the accuracy of the threats map
as a useful tool for understanding the
impact of human activities on wildlife
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We used an independent set of field data
about relative abundance of medium-sized
and large mammals (≥ 1kg), gathered in
twelve study sites in Yasuní National Park.
The threats level and mammal relative
abundance were analyzed using linear
regression.
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The threats faced by Yasuní are
numerous. Among others, they
include:
• Invasion by indigenous and
non-indigenous colonists
• Illegal timber harvesting
• Illegal hunting and fishing
• Unsustainable subsistence
hunting
• Road construction
• Oil industry activities
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Results:
Threats are
concentrated
in the
northwest
section of
the
landscape.
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Habitat with
reduced impacts
of human
activities
Objectives:
To develop a spatial model that evaluates the
pattern, extent and severity of human activities
in the Yasuni Biosphere Reserve.
Generate a visual tool to guide decision-making
on conservation activities, monitoring and
surveillance.
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Methodology:
Workshops were developed with
indigenous communities.
Updated baseline cartography.
Threats to be analyzed:
•
Commercial and subsistence hunting.
•
Illegal logging.
•
Oil exploitation.
•
Deforestation.
The analysis was performed for each
threat, using a linear regression valuing
distance and severity
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Results:
Commercial hunting
Subsistence hunting
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Results:
Illegal logging through rivers
Illegal logging through roads
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Results:
Deforestation.
Oil exploitation
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Final Results:
Very Low
Very High
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What we are looking for?
Sustainable management of the Yasuní Biosphere Reverse
knowing the threats and opportunities. To become the map
of threats as a tool of decision making for the park
authorities on issues of control and surveillance, biological
monitoring, tourism and environmental education to help
preserve wildlife and indigenous peoples.
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Primary information:
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•
•
•
•
•
•
•
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Land use and land cover
Oil exploitation data
Limits of indigenous territories
Ecosystems map
Digital elevation model
Limits of national parks
Patterns of deforestation
Area of hunting
Zones for illegal logging
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Field information:
Personal interviews with skateholders:
•
•
•
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•
•
NAWE ( Waorani Nationality)
AMWAE ( Waorani Women Nationality)
FICCKAE ( Kichua federation)
Yasuní National Park
FEPP ( Ecuadorian Fund)
FOCAO (Farmers and cattle rancher
federation)
• WCS Ecuador Biologists
Waorani Nationality
Yasuní National Park
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Recorded information:
During the interview the following topics were
presented:
New (2009 -2015) oil wells
New (2009 -2015) oil spills
New (2009 -2015) pipelines
Number of families for each community (just for
Quichua communities)
Walking distance to hunt from a main road, a river
or a community
Principal markets for selling the wild meat
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Oil exploitation
Commercial and
Subsistence
hunting.
Recorded information:
The size of the community 10 years ago,
and the current size.
The size of crops for each community
Principal sites where the wood is going out.
Walking distance for selective logging
Principal access for logging (rivers and
roads)
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Deforestation.
Illegal logging.
Working on:
1
2
3
4
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•Develop a cost distance surface of the land use
cover, to know the areas that need more concern.
•Develop a cost path of the roads that are use for
hunting. Making a difference between the
commercial hunting and the subsistence hunting.
•Working in a land use change to find the
deforestation areas.
•Developing a hydrologic model to know which rivers
are going to be affected when a spill ocurre.
THREATS OF
THE YASUNÍ
BIOSPHERE
RESERVE.
THANK YOU
Diana Paredes
GIS Analyst
WCS ECUADOR
[email protected]
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