Transcript Science and the Environment

Science and the Environment
Matter and
Energy in
Ecosystems
Abiotic
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the definition!
Of
or relating
to nonliving
things.
Autotroph
An organism that produces its own food, including
photosynthetic organisms such as green plants and
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definition!
phytoplankton and chemosynthetic organisms such as
sulfur bacteria.
Biome
An area having similar climate and
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landforms
throughout,
hosting a
large set of ecosystems.
Biotic
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Of orhere
relating
to living
things.
Carbon Cycle
The movement of carbon through an
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ecosystem,
primarily
through
photosynthesis and respiration.
Carinvore
An animal that gets its energy for life
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by eating other animals.
Cellular Respiration
The process in which carbon-rich sugar
molecules react with oxygen to make energy
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the
definition!
for cell’s use; occurs in hetertrophs and
autotrophs.
Commensalism
A symbiotic relationship in which
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the definition!
oneClick
participant
experiences
a benefit
and the other is unaffected.
Competition
A rivalry that occurs when two species or two
individuals
within
a species
the same
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theneed
definition!
resource- food, shelter, and son on- to survive.
Decomposer
An organism that breaks down other
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the definition!
organisms
organic
molecules
after they have died.
Denitrification
Bacterial reduction of nitrates or
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nitrites.
Emigration
The movement of individuals out of
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a population.
Food Web
A diagram showing the food
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relationships
between
multiple
organisms within a community.
Herbivore
An organism whose sole food source
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is Click
plants;
herbivores
candefinition!
be a food
source for carnivores and omnivores.
Heterotroph
An organism requiring complex organic compounds
of Click
nitrogen
and to
carbon
for metabolic
synthesis; it
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the definition!
must get its energy from plants and animals.
Hydrological Cycle
The movement of water through the
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biosphere.
Immigration
The permanent relocation of new
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individuals into a population.
Invasive Species
A new species that has moved into
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definition!
an
ecosystem
and the
outcompetes
native species for resources.
Legume
A plant with root nodules that
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contain nitrogen-fixing bacteria.
Mortality
The number of deaths in a
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definition!
population
giventhe
place
and time.
Crude Death Rate
Mutalism
A symbiotic relationship in which
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the definition!
bothhere
participants
a
benefit.
Natality
The number of births in a population
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in a given place and time.
Nitrification
Conversion by bacteria of
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ammonium
to nitrate
compounds.
Nitrogen Cycle
The process by which atmospheric nitrogen is
made
available
forreveal
organisms
eventually
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the and
definition!
returned to the atmosphere.
Omnivore
An organism that eats both plants and
animals;
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omnivores
to reveal may
the definition!
be a food
source for carnivores and omnivores.
Parasitism
A symbiotic relationship in which
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definition!
one
organism
causing
harm to the other organism.
Population
A group of individuals of the same species that
occupy
same
area and that
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can interbreed.
Predation
The act of one organism (predator)
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feeding on another organism (prey).
Primary Consumer
An organism that gets its energy by eating
plants;
aredefinition!
often a food
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source for secondary consumers.
Producer
An organism that makes its own food
through
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photosynthesis
to reveal the or
definition!
another
chemical process such as chemosynthesis.
Secondary Consumer
An organism that gets its energy by
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the definition!
eating
a
carnivore or omnivore.
Succession
The process in which plant and animal
populations
areto
slowly
replaced
over time by
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the definition!
different plant and animal populations.
Symbiosis
A relationship that occurs when two
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distinct
livedefinition!
in close
association with one another.
Tertiary Consumer
A third-level consumer that gets its
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the definition!
energy
bytoeating,
other
organisms, secondary consumers.
Trophic Level
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definition!
A feeding
in the
a food
web.
Trophic Pyramid
A graphic representation of the trophic levels in an
ecosystem, often shaped like a pyramid, with
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the
definition!
producers at the base and the tertiary or quaternary
consumers at the top.