Transcript Introduction to Wireless LANs

© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights
© 2003,
reserved.
Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
FWL 1.0—1-1
1
Module 1
Introduction to Wireless LANs
© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
FWL 1.0—1-2
Learning Objectives
• Define and describe WLANs
• Describe the need and benefits of WLANs.
• Identify characteristics of Cisco Aironet
802.11a products.
• Identify characteristics of Cisco Aironet
802.11b products.
© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
FWL 1.0—1-3
Overview
This module provides an introduction to the
rapidly evolving technology of wireless LANs
(WLANs). WLANs redefine the way the industry
views LANs. Connectivity no longer implies
attachment. Wireless networking provides all
the features and benefits of traditional LAN
technologies without the limitations of wires or
cables. The freedom to roam while still
maintaining connectivity has helped launch
wireless networking to new heights.
© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
FWL 1.0—1-4
Key terms
• WLAN
• Bridging
• Access Point
• Bridge
• Antenna
• Wi-Fi™
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FWL 1.0—1-5
Major Factors
There are four major factors to consider
before implementing a wireless network:
• High availability
• Scalability
• Manageability
• Open architecture
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FWL 1.0—1-6
Momentum is Building in Wireless
LANs
• Wireless LANs are an “addictive” technology
• Strong commitment to Wireless LANs by
technology heavy-weights
–Cisco, IBM, Intel, Microsoft
• Embedded market is growing
–Laptop PC’s with “wireless inside”
–PDA’s are next
• The WLAN market is expanding
from Industry-Specific Applications,
to Universities, Homes, & Offices
• Professional installers and technicians
will be in demand
© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
FWL 1.0—1-7
Wireless LANs Are Taking Off
Future Growth
Due To:
Worldwide WLAN Market
*includes embedded clients, add-on client
cards, & infrastructure equipment for both
the business and consumer segments
($ Billions)
$11.0
$10.0
$9.0
$8.0
$7.0
$6.0
$5.0
$4.0
$3.0
$2.0
$1.0
$0.0
CAGR = 43%
$10.3
$9.0
$6.0
$3.3
$2.6
$1.7
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Standards
High Bandwidth Needs
Low Cost
Embedded in Laptops
Variety of Devices
Voice + Data
Multiple Applications
Security Issues Solved
Ease of Deployment
Network Mgmt. Tools
Enterprise Adoption
Source: Forward Concepts, 2003
© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
FWL 1.0—1-8
“Business-Class”vs Consumer WLAN
Industry has segmented:
consumer vs. business
Cisco offers only “businessclass” products:
•Security
•Upgradeability
•Network management
•Advanced features
•Choice of antennas
•Highest throughput
•Scalability
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FWL 1.0—1-9
Benefits of WLANs
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FWL 1.0—1-10
WiFi
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FWL 1.0—1-11
Unlicensed Frequency Bands
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FWL 1.0—1-12
Wireless Data Networks
50 Mbps
Data Rates
10 Mbps
2 Mbps
Spread
Spectrum
Infrared Wireless
Wireless
LANs
LANs
1 Mbps
2.5 GHz
Service
Broadband PCS
56 Kbps
Circuit and Packet Data
19.6 Kbps
9.6 Kbps
Cellular, CDPD, Mobitex, DataTac
Narrow Band
Wireless LANs
Narrowband PCS
Local
Coverage Area
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Satellite
Wide
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Wireless Technologies
WAN
(Wide Area Network)
MAN
(Metropolitan Area Network)
LAN
(Local Area Network)
PAN
(Personal Area
Network)
PAN
LAN
MAN
WAN
Bluetooth
802.11a, 11b, 11g
HiperLAN2
802.11
MMDS, LMDS
GSM, GPRS,
CDMA, 2.5–3G
Speed
<1 Mbps
2–54+ Mbps
22+ Mbps
10–384 Kbps
Range
Short
Medium
Medium–Long
Long
Peer-to-Peer
Device-to-Device
Enterprise
Networks
Fixed, Last
Mile Access
PDAs, Mobile
Phones, Cellular
Access
Standards
Applications
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FWL 1.0—1-14
Icons
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FWL 1.0—1-15
Icons
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FWL 1.0—1-16
Icons
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FWL 1.0—1-17
Wireless Technologies
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FWL 1.0—1-18
WLAN Evolution: 2000–Present
Warehousing
Retail
Healthcare
Education
Businesses
Home
Speed
860 Kbps
Network
Radio
Standards-based
Proprietary
900 MHz
2.4 GHz

1986
1988
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11 Mbps 54 Mbps
1 and
1 and
2 Mbps
2 Mbps
1990
IEEE 802.11Begins
Drafting
1992
1994
5 GHz
2.4 GHz
1996
802.11
Ratified
802.11a,b 802.11g
Ratified
Drafted
1998
2000
2002
FWL 1.0—1-19
Wi-Fi™
Wi-Fi™ Alliance
• Wireless Fidelity Alliance
• 170+ members
• Over 350 products certified
Wi-Fi’s™ Mission
• Certify interoperability of WLAN products
(802.11)
• Wi-Fi™ is the “stamp of approval”
• Promote Wi-Fi™ as the global standard
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FWL 1.0—1-20
Components and Topologies
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FWL 1.0—1-21
WLAN Devices
In-building Infrastructure
• 1200 Series (802.11a and 802.11b)
Bridging
• 350 Series (802.11b)
• 1100 Series (802.11b)
•BR350
• 350 Series (802.11b) not shown
•WGB350
• 1400 Series (802.11a)
© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
FWL 1.0—1-22
WLAN Devices
Clients
• 350 Series (802.11b)
• 5 GHz client adapter (802.11a)
Antenna
•2.4GHz
•5 GHz Antennas
• Workgroup bridge (802.11b)
© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
FWL 1.0—1-23
Cable, Accessories, Wireless IP Phone
Cable and Accessories
• Low Loss Cable
• Antenna Mounts
• Lightening Arrestor
• Wireless IP Phone
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FWL 1.0—1-24
Cisco Aironet 802.11b Client Adapters
2.4 GHz
• 802.11b
• 11 Mbps
Include
• PC Card
• PCI Card
• LMC Card
• Mini PCI
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FWL 1.0—1-25
Cisco Aironet 350 Series Mini PCI
Adapter
2.4 GHz/802.11b
embedded wireless for
notebooks
100 mW transmit power
Must order through PC
manufactures (not
orderable directly
through Cisco)
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FWL 1.0—1-26
Cisco Aironet 802.11a Client Adapter
5 GHz/802.11a
• 54 Mbps
Rate Shifting
• 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, or 54
Fixed data rates
• User configurable option
5 dBi Patch Antenna
CardBus interface
Transmit power settings:
• 20 mW, 10 mW, and 5 mW
© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
FWL 1.0—1-27
1200 Series Access Point
Dual radio design
Field upgradable radio and software
– 802.11b radio
• 100 mW radio
• Built-in RP-TNC connectors for
diversity
• Wide range of Cisco 2.4 GHz
antennas offered
– 802.11a radio
• Delivers up to 54 Mbps, the
next generation of
performance
• Can run in dual mode capacity
with the 802.11b radio
• Innovative antenna design to
fit deployment needs
Enterprise-class management and
security
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FWL 1.0—1-28
Cisco Aironet 1100 Series Access Point
Single 802.11b radio
• Time-tested technology
• Supports installed client-base
Upgradable
• Migration path to 802.11g for further investment
return
Scalable
• Fully functional access point ideal for all enterprise
deployments without expensive controllers
Affordable
• Lowest priced upgradable Cisco Aironet access
point
Enterprise-class features
• End-to-end intelligent networking and security
extended to WLAN
© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
FWL 1.0—1-29
Enterprise-Class Features on all Cisco
Aironet Access Points
Cisco IOS (1100 and 1200 Series)
• End-to-end intelligent network services
• Familiar service configuration and network behavior
VxWorks (350 Series)
• Easy web-based GUI interface
VLANs
• Network segmentation for flexible policy and service
application
QoS
• End-to-end prioritization for applications such as voice and
video
Proxy Mobile IP
• Seamless inter-subnet roaming
© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
FWL 1.0—1-30
Cisco Aironet WLAN Solutions for the
Enterprise
Cisco Aironet 1100 Series
Cisco Aironet 1200 Series
Intelligent Enterprise Services at a Lower
Total Cost
Outstanding Enterprise Performance and
Greatest Flexibility
Single 802.11b radio (upgradable to 802.11g
with Advanced Encryption Standard (AES))
Dual-mode 802.11a and 802.11b support
(upgradable to 802.11g with Advanced
Encryption Standard (AES))
Integrated diversity dipole antennas for
simplified deployment
Two 2.4 GHz antenna connectors for high
gain diversity antennas; integrated 5 GHz
antennas
Indoor environmental specifications, durable
plastic case
Industrial environmental specifications,
rugged metal case
Extra memory and system capacity for future
releases
Extra memory and system capacity for future
releases
Inline and Local Power
Inline and Local Power
Cisco IOS-based operating system
Cisco IOS operating system
QOS, VLANs, and Proxy Mobile IP
QOS, VLANs, and Proxy Mobile IP
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FWL 1.0—1-31
350 Series Workgroup Bridge (WGB)
2.4 GHz/802.11b
Supports 8 MAC
addresses
Acts as client to
Cisco Aironet
access point or
bridge when in
access point mode
© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
FWL 1.0—1-32
350 Series Bridge (WB)
Flexibility: 2.4 GHz/
802.11b point-to-point
and multi-point
Management
capabilities:
• SNMP, Telnet, FTP, HTML
• 802.1D spanning tree
Breadth of product
line:
• 11, 5.5, 2, 1 Mbps
• Antenna/range options
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FWL 1.0—1-33
Cisco Aironet 1400 Series
High Performance
•Industry leading throughput and range
Easy-to-Use
•Out of the box installation in outdoor
environment
Flexible
•Point to point and point to multi-point
bridging
•Multiple mounting and antenna options
Secure
•Enterprise-class security
Feature Rich
•Intelligent Network Services via IOS
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FWL 1.0—1-34
Cisco Aironet Wireless Bridging Solutions
Cisco Aironet 350 Series
Cisco Aironet 1400 Series
Wireless Bridging at a Lower Total Cost
Wireless Bridging with high
performance
Single 802.11b radio with data rates up
to 11 Mbps
Single 802.11a radio with data rates up
to 54 Mbps
3 miles typical point to point range with
directional antennas at 11 Mbps
7.5 miles typical point to point range
with directional antennas at 54 Mbps
Two 2.4 GHz antenna connectors for
high gain diversity antennas
Single 5.8 GHz integrated patch array
antenna or antenna connector for
remote antennas
Indoor industrial environmental
specifications, rugged metal case
Outdoor environmental specifications,
tested to NEMA 4
Inline and Local Power
Inline Power via Power Injector LR
VxWorks based operating system
Cisco IOS operating system
QOS, VLANs, and Proxy Mobile IP
QOS, VLANs, and Proxy Mobile IP
Statistics via telnet
Antenna Alignment feedback via LEDs
and RSSI port and statistics via telnet
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FWL 1.0—1-35
Antennas
•Indoor and Outdoor
• Outdoor
•WLAN and Bridging
• Bridging
2.4 GHz
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5 GHz
FWL 1.0—1-36
Cable and Accessories
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FWL 1.0—1-37
802.11-Enabled Phones
A cordless phone for the
workplace
•Cisco 7920 Wireless VoIP
phone
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FWL 1.0—1-38
Beyond Laptops:
Other 802.11-Enabled Devices
HP iPAQ 5450 PDA
PDA’s
Phones
Printers
Projectors
Tablet PC’s
Security Cameras
Barcode scanners
Custom devices for
vertical markets:
•Healthcare
•Manufacturing
•Retail
•Restaurants
© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Epson Printer
Compaq Tablet PC
HHP Barcode Scanner
SpectraLink
Phone
Sharp M25X Projector
FWL 1.0—1-39
WLAN Market
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FWL 1.0—1-40
In Building WLAN
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FWL 1.0—1-41
Site to Site WLAN
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FWL 1.0—1-42
WLAN Markets
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FWL 1.0—1-43
Challenges and Issues
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FWL 1.0—1-44
Radio Signal Interference
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FWL 1.0—1-45
Power Consumption
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FWL 1.0—1-46
Interoperability
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FWL 1.0—1-47
Wireless LAN Security:
Lessons
“War Driving”
Hacking into WEP
Lessons:
•
Security must be turned on (part of the installation process)
•
Employees will install WLAN equipment on their own
(compromises security of your entire network)
•
WEP keys can be easily broken (businesses need better security)
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FWL 1.0—1-48
Reliability and Connectivity
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FWL 1.0—1-49
Installation and Site Design Issues—
Bridging
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FWL 1.0—1-50
Installation and Site Design Issues—WLAN
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FWL 1.0—1-51
Health Issues
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FWL 1.0—1-52
IEEE 802.11 Standards Activities
802.11a:
802.11b:
802.11d:
802.11e:
802.11f:
802.11g:
802.11h:
802.11i:
802.11j:
802.11k:
© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
5GHz, 54Mbps
2.4GHz, 11Mbps
Multiple regulatory domains
Quality of Service (QoS)
Inter-Access Point Protocol (IAPP)
2.4GHz, 54Mbps
Dynamic Frequency Selection (DFS)
and Transmit Power Control (TPC)
Security
Japan 5GHz Channels (4.9-5.1 GHz)
Measurement
FWL 1.0—1-53
WLAN Speeds & Frequencies
802.11g
2.4 GHz – OFDM/CCK
54 Mbps
802.11a
5 GHz – OFDM
54 Mbps
802.11b
2.4 GHz – CCK
11 Mbps
Proprietary

Jan’99
IEEE 802.11a/b
Ratified
Jan’00
© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
Jan’01
Jan’02
Jan’03
Jan’04
FWL 1.0—1-54
Summary
• Identify characteristics of Cisco Aironet 802.11a
products.
• Identify characteristics of Cisco Aironet 802.11b
products.
© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
FWL 1.0—1-55
© 2003, Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
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