Transcript Out on the Internet - MIDLANDS STATE UNIVERSITY

The Internet and
the World Wide Web
What is the Internet?
A Short History
The Internet Today
How the Internet Works
Basic Internet Applications
Specialized Apps
What is the Internet? and Not
On-Line Providers
Dialup Access
to Providers’
Computer
Systems
7 Million Computers
Seamlessly Integrated
via 60,000 Largely
Private Networks
UUCP Nets,
FidoNets,
BitNets, X400,...
A Short History of the Internet
1964—Paul Baran (RAND Corp.) proposes a
loosely-coupled, robust network
1969—ARPANET formed as a four-node
network (UCLA, SRI, UCSB, and U of UtahSalt Lake City)
1974—Kahn and Cerf head TCP/IP project
1980—CSNET added to ARPANET
1986—NSF forms NSFNET
A Short History of the Internet
1987—NSFNET “backbone” expands the
Internet worldwide
1989—CERN launches WWW project
1990—ARPANET decommissioned
1992—Internet Society formed
1993—NCSA Mosaic GUI for WWW
1995—NSFNET decomissioned
The Internet Today
Connectivity Worldwide
The Internet Today
124 Million
124 Million
Internet Hosts
Internet Hosts
N
O
W
Historical
Values
1,000,000,000
hosts
100,000,000
Projected
Projected
Values
Values
10,000,000
1,000,000
100,000
10,000
Jan.89 Jan.90 Jan.91 Jan.92 Jan.93 Jan.94 Jan.95 Jan.96 Jan.97 Jan.98 Jan.99 Jan.00 Jan.01
How is the Internet Used?
APPLICATIONS
FTP is the top
application (based
on packets
transferred)
WWW is a close
second
Gopher
3%
Telnet
3%
Mail
5%
IRC
DNS1%
2%
1,075 Other
Services
29%
NewsNet
9%
WWW
20%
FileTransfer
28%
How is the Internet Used?
some of
it’s many
uses...
 information sharing
 global collaboration
 distance education
 software distribution
 scientific research
 product development
 public service
 marketing & sales
 customer support
 professional development
 entertainment
How the Internet Works
Internet is a packet-switched network
DATAGRAMs are packets of data that also
contain addressing information
TCP/IP are protocols (standards) for how
datagrams are packaged and delivered
IP address is a number that signifies the
address of an Internet host
Domain names are pseudonyms for IP
addresses
How the Internet Works
Gateways and
Routers transmit
datagrams
across the
Internet
Client/Server
applications add
functionality to
the Internet
Basic Internet
Applications
ELECTRONIC MAIL
(EMAIL)
asynchronous
communications
mail client
mail server
Basic Internet
Applications
REMOTE LOGINS (TELNET)—
synchronous 2-way communications
local host
remote host
Basic Internet
Applications
FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL (FTP)—
exchanging data and programs between
systems
anonymous ftp
Specialized Internet Apps
ARCHIE—searching anonymous ftp
servers for files by name
GOPHER—organizing data and
connections as hypertext
CHAT—“live” group conversations
MUDs & MOOs—group interactions in a
virtual environment