Transcript Communication networks

Communication Networks
Types of Communication Networks
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Organization is a composite of people
There are two types of Communication network:
Internal (formal and informal)
External
Channels of communication
Vertical
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Message distortion avoided if not many people are
involved
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Efforts for one to one communication within a
department can form a close link
Upward and downward flow of message, not
possible for direct interface especially when
number of people are high.
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Channels of communication
Horizontal
 Communication with colleagues and peers,
Most effective as peers are not hindered by
chain of command
 Communication depends on interdependence
of department
 No progression without lateral communication,
cooperation and coordination
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Duplication of work
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Employee relations may be spoiled
Channels of communication
Diagonal
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No definite path of information flow
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Hierarchal findings are minimum
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Better ties between employees
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Gossip and rumor (spreading through informal
conversation)
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No one takes responsibility of information flow
External Communication
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In order to survive the
competitive
environment it’s
important to adopt
external communication
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The image of the
company depends on
the ways of external
communication
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Advertising
Media Interaction
Public Relations
Presentations
Negotiations
Mails
Telegrams
Letters
Difference Between External and
Internal Communication
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Different personalities,
background,
disciplines, different
expectations.
A lot at stake to protect
the company's image
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More relaxed
Types of Communication
Oral communication
1) Words
2) Articulation
Non-verbal
1)Body language
2)Signs and Symbols
3)Territorial zone
4)Object language
Written
1)Reports
2)Illustrations
3)Memos
4)Telegrams
5)Fax
6)Emails
Difference Between Oral and Written
Oral
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Interactive
Fluid /no limits (if senders
goal is not met changes his
strategy)
Basic issues
Pen down ideas so they are
brief
Conducted at any place
Not much impact
Instant feedback
Written
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Delayed interaction
Medium is frozen
Complex issues sorted out
Longer time frame
Cost is high
Greater impact
Prolonged feedback
Types of Non-Verbal Communication
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Paralanguage (How to say it)
Kinesics (Body movement)
Proxemics (Space)
Paralanguage
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Language deals with what is said
Paralanguage deals with how it is said
I want you to read it.
I want you to read it.
I want you to read it.
I want you to read it.
Paralanguage
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Paralanguage voice qualities include:
Rate
Volume
Rhythm
Pitch
Cont’d
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Rate:
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An increased rate indicates
 Anger
 Impatience
 Anxiety
A decreased rate indicates
 Thoughtfulness
 Reflective attitude
 Boredom
Kinesics
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Eye contact
Gesture
Posture
Movement
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Side to side
Forward and backwards
Vertical
Proxemics
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Intimate distance (18 inches)
Personal distance (four feet)
Social distance (eight feet)
Public distance (12 feet and above)
Effective communication- 7C’s
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Credibility: if sender establishes credibility, the
receiver has no problem in accepting it. (long time
to build honesty and trust)
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Courtesy: diplomacy and appreciation should be
expressed in messages. (“I” attitude discarded
and “you” implied)
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Clarity: clear mind, thoughts, simple language,
and easy sentences.
7C’s
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Correctness: level of knowledge and educational
background of the receiver should be kept in mind;
nondiscriminatory terms should be used
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Consistency: not too many ups and downs that lead
to confusion
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Concreteness: concrete and specific expressions
preferred
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Conciseness: avoid weighty language, excessive
information
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Credibility: trust
Courtesy: improves relationships
Clarity: makes comprehension easier
Consistency: introduces stability
Concreteness: reinforces confidence
Conciseness: saves time
4 S’s
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Shortness: economizes, msg should be brief so it is
communicate faster. Flooding high sounding words
does not create an impact
Simplicity: Impresses, reveals a clarity in the
thinking
Strength: Convinces, if sender believes in the
message he is bound to convince.
Sincerity: Appeals, if sender is genuine it will be
expressed in the way he communicates.
Cont’d
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You’ve got to believe it in time to keep them
from hanging me. Every night you ask me
how it happened. But I don’t know! I don’t
know! I can’t remember. There is no other
answer. You’ve asked me that question a
thousand times. Oh God, stop
them….quick… before it’s too late.