Transcript 16 - Nutrition

Respiratory System
Follow along on pg. 99 of workbook
Functions of the Respiratory System
 bring O2 (oxygen) into the body and excretes
CO2 (carbon dioxide) a by-product of cellular
respiration
 Cells can’t burn nutrients for E without
oxygen (O2) (like a candle under a cup)
 Cellular Respiration =in mitochondria
Nutrients + oxygen  E + carbon dioxide +
water
The air we breathe
The air we inhale is :
Nitrogen (N)
78%
Oxygen (O2)
21%
Carbon Dioxide 0.04%
The air we exhale is:
Nitrogen
78%
Oxygen
16%
Carbon Dioxide 5%
Other gases
Other
< 1%
<1%
Using pg. 173 of textbook, fill in pg. 99 of
workbook
Check your answers
1. Nose
2. Nasal passage
3. Trachea
4. Lungs
5. Pharynx
6. Epiglottis
7. Larynx
8. Bronchi
Nasal passages
o Function:
o hairs filter air
o mucus warms and moistens air
The Pharynx (throat)
• Function:
• air  trachea and food 
esophagus.
• When swallowing, epiglottis
seals trachea.
Larynx (voice box)
• Function:
• Carries air
• produces sound
• The epiglottis closes when
food is swallowed blocking
the airway (no sound)
Naturally 7- vocal range
Warning:
 Next slide is a bit graphic
Trachea
• Function:
• filters with cilia
larynx
trachea
trachea
bronchus
• warms and moistens with
mucus.
• Cartilage rings = keep it rigid
and open.
Cartilage rings
Collapsed
esophagus
Lungs
Bronchi
• Function:
trachea
• Carry air to and from
lungs.
• Branches into bronchioles
bronchioles
bronchi
Lungs
 Function:
 gas exchange between body and external world
The lungs

There are 2 lungs
which are not identical.
Why?
Homework pg. 100 in workbook
Australian resp. movie
Follow along on pg. 101 in workbook
REMEMBER?????
 Air = mix of gases, gases are compressible=
volume can increase or decrease
 Changes in volume = changes in P
 Fluids ALWAYS flow from high P to low P
Use pg. 175 of textbook to fill in pg. 101 of
workbook (top chart)
Check Your Answers
Inhaling
The
1. Intercostal muscles and
Respiratory
system
diaphragm
contract
2. Ribs rise, diaphragm lowers=
increase size of rib cage
3. Lung volume increases
4. Air pressure inside lungs =
decreases (lower than outside)
5. O2 rich air flows into lungs
until pressure is equal
Inhaling
The
1. Intercostal muscles and
Respiratory
system
diaphragm
relax
2. Ribs lower, diaphragm rises =
decrease size of rib cage
3. Lung volume decreases
4. Air pressure inside lungs =
increases (higher than outside)
5. CO2 rich air flows from lungs
to outside until pressure is equal
Use pg. 176 of textbook to fill in pg. 101 of
workbook (bottom picture)
Check Your Answers
 Bronchiole
 Network capillaries
 Alveolus
 O2 into blood
 CO2 from blood
 capillary
Gas Exchange- Inhale
 the alveoli are filled with air.
 Lungs = higher concentration of oxygen (O2)
than blood
 the oxygen diffuses (a movement of particles)
from lungs blood and attaches to the red blood
cells (RBC’s).
Gas Exchange- Exhale
 Blood = higher concentration of carbon dioxide
(CO2) than the lungs
 Carbon dioxide diffuses from blood  lungs
where it is excreted (process of eliminating
waste) as we exhale.
Discussion pg. 195 in textbook, Q 7-9
Homework: pg. 102 of workbook
DIGESTIVE
WHAT IT DOES food--> nutrients
RESPIRATORY
oxygen (O2) in
broken down by:
carbon dioxide
mechanical- chew, (CO2) out
churn, peristalsis
chemical- acids,
enzymes, pepsin
HOW IT LINKS
nutrients
O2 taken by
absorbed in
blood to cells
small intestine
as needed to
go into blood to
burn nutrients
be taken to cells
for E
CO2 produced by
cells taken to
lungs by blood