Transcript Slide 1

Ecology
&
Evolution
Diversity
Reprod
uction
&
Develo
pment
Nutrition
Gas
Exchange
Transport
Circulation
Osmoreg
ulation &
Excretion
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
200
200
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200
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200
200
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
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400
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500
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500
Eco & Evol 100
• The key event in the formation of a new
speciation
– Evolution of reproductive barriers
Eco & Evol 200
• A speciation event where geographic
separation is the initial block to gene flow
– Allopatric speciation
Eco & Evol 300
• A definition of a species based on the
ability of individuals to successfully mate
and reproduce
– Biological species concept
Eco & Evol 400
• A possible result of competition where one
species goes locally extinct
– Competitive exclusion
Eco & Evol 500
• A population growth pattern that occurs
when a population grows rapidly at first but
then reaches a carrying capacity
– Logistic Growth
Diversity 100
• The Kingdom that used to include all
unicellular eukaryotes but now includes
some multicellular ones
– Kingdom Protista
Diversity 200
• The thins threads that make up the
vegetative body of a fungus
– hyphae
Diversity 300
• The diploid phase of a plants life cycle
– Sporophyte (and the zygote)
Diversity 400
• The name given to animals that have a
true body cavity, located within mesoderm
tissue
– coelomates
Diversity 500
• Along with a notochord, pharyngeal slits
and a post-anal tail, it is one of the 4
common characteristics of the Phylum
Chordata
– Dorsal hollow nerve cord
Reproduction & Development 100
• Another name for asexual reproduction in
plants
– Vegetative reproduction
Reproduction & Development 200
• When the sperm and the egg unite outside
of the female’s body
– External fertilization
Reproduction & Development 300
• A series of rapid cell divisions that occurs
after fertilization in animals
– cleavage
Reproduction & Development 400
• The stage in vertebrate development
where the three germ layers form in the
embryo
– gastrulation
Reproduction & Development 500
• The stage in vertebrate development
where the structure that becomes the
spinal cord forms
– neurulation
Nutrition 100
• A sac—like gut with only one opening
– Gastrovascular cavity
Nutrition 200
• The organ where most chemical digestion
takes place in the digestive system of
vertebrates
– Small intestine
Nutrition 300
• A flow-through gut with a mouth and an
anus
– Alimentary canal
Nutrition 400
• An adaptation common to all structures
that are used for absorption of nutrients in
various organisms
– Increased surface area
Nutrition 500
• The three most important nutrients that
plants must get from soil and the common
components of fertilizers
– Nitrogen, phosphorous & potassium
Gas Exchange 100
• The respiratory system commonly found in
aquatic organisms
– gills
Gas Exchange 200
• The respiratory medium that makes
ventilation harder
– water
Gas Exchange 300
• The respiratory system of insects
– Tracheal tubes
Gas Exchange 400
• The method that mammals use to ventilate
their lungs
– Negative pressure breathing
Gas Exchange 500
• The process that increases the efficiency
of gas exchange in the gills of fish
– Countercurrent exchange
Transport 100
• The name of the system of tubes that
transport water and dissolved nutrients
throughout a plant
– xylem
Transport 200
• The name of the system of tubes that
carry sap from sugar source to sugar sink
– phloem
Transport 300
• The main mechanism that causes water to
move up from the roots to the tips of a
plant
– Transpiration/cohesion
Transport 400
• The movement of fluid due to pressure
differences, as occurs in the phloem of a
plant
– Mass flow or bulk flow
Transport 500
• The waxy coating of the endodermis that
forces water and dissolved materials to
pass through a cell before entering the
vascular cylinder of a plant
– Casparian strip
Circulation 100
• A circulatory system where the fluid is
always enclosed with blood vessels
– Closed circulatory system
Circulation 200
• The number of chambers in the heart of an
amphibian
– three
Circulation 300
• The number of capillary beds a red blood
cell would pass through in a mammal from
when it leaves the heart to when it returns
to the heart
– one
Circulation 400
• The chamber in the heart of mammals that
pumps blood through the systemic circuit
– Left ventricle
Circulation 500
• Known as the pacemaker of the heart, this
is the node that initiates the signal that
causes the heart to beat
– Sinoatrial node
Osmoregulation & Excretion 100
• The vertebrate organs where urine is
produced
– kidneys
Osmoregulation & Excretion 200
• The nitrogenous waste that is the most
efficient to excrete and is excreted by
marine invertebrates
– ammonia
Osmoregulation & Excretion 300
• The portion of the nephron that is
responsible for water reabsorption
– Loop of Henle
Osmoregulation & Excretion 400
• The hormone that is produced when the
blood concentration or osmolality
increases and your body needs to
conserve water
– ADH Anti-Diuretic Hormone
Osmoregulation & Excretion 500
• The excretory organs of insects
– Malpighian Tubules