Transcript F. The Sociocultural (Cross-cultural)

SEPTEMBER 1 CONTINUED
MODULE 2 – PSYCHOLOGY’S ISSUES AND
APPROACHES
PSYCHOLOGY’S APPROACHES/PERSPECTIVES
READ THROUGH AND ANNOTATE THE INFORMATION PROVIDED ABOUT THE SEVEN MODERN
THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES.
ANDREA YATES ARTICLE
• ATTACHED AT BACK OF STUDY GUIDE
• FOR NEXT CLASS:
• COMPLETE CCN MODULE 3 (INCLUDING RED SECTION)
• PREPARE TO WRITE ONE PARAGRAPH ABOUT ANDREA YATES FROM ANY OF THE GIVEN
PERSPECTIVES (YOU WILL BE RANDOMLY ASSIGNED)
• LOOK FOR EVIDENCE TO SUPPORT EACH ONE
• DON’T READ BEFORE BED!!
• EAT A NICE TREAT OR DO SOMETHING FUN AFTERWARD. 
SEPTEMBER 6
CCN/QUIZ
REWIND/PERSPECTIVES
MATCHING ASSIGNMENT
ANDREA YATES AND PERSPECTIVES/FRQ SKILLS
CCN/QUIZ
FOLLOW THE RUBRIC TO SCORE
QUIZ MODULE 3 ONLY
MNEMONIC DEVICE
• THE “HANDY” MODEL FOR REMEMBERING HOW EACH PERSPECTIVE
APPROACHES THE STUDY OF MENTAL PROCESSES AND BEHAVIOR:
• PSYCHODYNAMIC/PSYCHOANALYTIC - UNCONSCIOUS
• BEHAVIORAL – LEARNED/CONDITIONED RESPONSE
• COGNITIVE – THOUGHT PROCESSES
• NEUROBIOLOGICAL/BIOLOGICAL/NEUROSCIENCE – BRAIN/BODY/CHEMICALS
• SOCIOCULTURAL/CROSS-CULTURAL – SOCIETY/MEDIA/SOCIAL VALUES/RELIGION
• EVOLUTIONARY – SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST/HEALTHIEST GENES
• HUMANISTIC – REACH FOR YOUR GOALS/FULLY-FUNCTIONING/OPTIMAL SELF
SEPTEMBER 8
REVIEW PEOPLE/PERSPECTIVES
ANDREA YATES ASSIGNMENT
MODULE 3 (IF TIME)
REWIND – WHICH PERSPECTIVE?
MATCH THAT THEORY ASSIGNMENT
• TAKE THE TERMS, PEOPLE, AND QUOTES IN THE BAG PROVIDED.
• MATCH THEM TO THE PROPER THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE.
• USE CCN
• USE STUDY GUIDE
• USE PHONE (IF ALL ELSE FAILS)
• FILL IN THE CHART WHEN DONE
• ANSWERS
FREE RESPONSES IN AP PSYCH
THERE ARE MANY POSSIBLE WAYS TO EXPLAIN ANDREA YATES’ BEHAVIORS AND MENTAL PROCESSES. AS A CLASS, YOU WILL APPLY EACH
OF THE SEVEN MODERN PERSPECTIVES OF PSYCHOLOGY TO HER CASE.
GROUP TASK:
EXPLAIN WHY ANDREA YATES COMMITTED THE CRIMES SHE DID ACCORDING TO THE ASSIGNED PERSPECTIVE. USE EVIDENCE FROM THE
ARTICLE TO SUPPORT THE EXPLANATION FROM YOUR GROUPS’ ASSIGNED PERSPECTIVE.
BE SURE TO STICK WITH YOUR OWN PERSPECTIVE – DON’T BLEND OTHERS IN
•
PSYCHODYNAMIC/PSYCHOANALYTIC
•
BEHAVIORAL
•
COGNITIVE
•
NEUROBIOLOGICAL/BIOLOGICAL/NEUROSCIENCE
•
SOCIOCULTURAL/CROSS-CULTURAL
•
EVOLUTIONARY
•
HUMANISTIC
USE THE FRQ TIP SHEET TO STRUCTURE YOUR PARAGRAPH:
TU - D A A!
SCORE TOGETHER USING THE RUBRIC PROVIDED
• COMPLETE THE FINAL COLUMN OF THE
MATCHING CHART AS WE SCORE THE CLASS
FRQ
• EVALUATE BY ANSWERING QUESTION 13
FROM THE STUDY GUIDE AT THE END
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION IN
SLIDES THAT FOLLOW – IF
NEEDED
NOT SPECIFICALLY DISCUSSED IN CLASS
Sigmund Freud
Freud developed the first
comprehensive theory of
human development and
behavior, especially how the
personality develops.
He believed that childhood memories and
thoughts influenced the behavior of people when
they became adults.
PSYCHODYNAMIC PERSPECTIVE
• VIEW OF BEHAVIOR BASED ON EXPERIENCE TREATING PATIENTS
• PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH (SIGMUND FREUD)
• BOTH A METHOD OF TREATMENT AND A THEORY OF THE MIND
• BEHAVIOR REFLECTS COMBINATIONS OF CONSCIOUS AND UNCONSCIOUS
INFLUENCES
• DRIVES AND URGES WITHIN THE UNCONSCIOUS COMPONENT OF MIND
INFLUENCE THOUGHT AND BEHAVIOR
• EARLY CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES SHAPE UNCONSCIOUS MOTIVATIONS
John B. Watson
Watson studied the impact of
learning on people. This led to
the school of behaviorism.
He believed that careful and
structured parenting could
eliminate psychological
problems.
Watson later wrote a book applying scientific
methods to raising children.
The Behavioral Approach
People such as B. F. Skinner
(pictured to the left) and John B.
Watson are called behaviorists.
This approach emphasizes that behavior is
primarily the result of learning and not due to a
person’s thoughts and unconscious processes.
BEHAVIORAL PERSPECTIVE
• VIEW OF BEHAVIOR BASED ON
EXPERIENCE OR LEARNING
• CLASSICAL CONDITIONING
• OPERANT CONDITIONING
COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE
• HOW IS KNOWLEDGE ACQUIRED,
ORGANIZED, REMEMBERED, AND USED
TO GUIDE BEHAVIOR?
• INFLUENCES INCLUDE
• WORTHEIMER, KOHLER, KOFFKA – GESTALT
• FIND THE “WHOLE PATTERN” OF OUR PERCEPTIONS
• PIAGET – STUDIED INTELLECTUAL DEVELOPMENT
• CHOMSKY – STUDIED LANGUAGE
• CYBERNETICS – SCIENCE OF INFORMATION PROCESSING
NEUROBIOLOGICAL/BIOLOGICAL/NEUROSCIENCE
PERSPECTIVE
• STUDY THE PHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS IN THE BRAIN AND NERVOUS
SYSTEM THAT ORGANIZE AND CONTROL BEHAVIOR
• FOCUS MAY BE AT VARIOUS LEVELS
• INDIVIDUAL NEURONS
• AREAS OF THE BRAIN
• SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS LIKE EATING, EMOTION, OR LEARNING
• INTEREST IN BEHAVIOR DISTINGUISHES BIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY FROM
MANY OTHER BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
F. The Sociocultural (Crosscultural) Approach
This approach looks at the impact that society,
culture, ethnicity, race, and religion have on
personality.
Psychoanalytic
Cognitive
SOCIO/CROSS-CULTURAL PERSPECTIVE
• THE STUDY OF PSYCHOLOGICAL DIFFERENCES
AMONG PEOPLE LIVING IN DIFFERENT
CULTURAL GROUPS
• HOW ARE PEOPLE’S THOUGHTS, FEELINGS AND
BEHAVIOR INFLUENCED BY THEIR CULTURE?
• WHAT ARE THE COMMON ELEMENTS ACROSS
CULTURE? ARE THESE INNATE?
EVOLUTIONARY PERSPECTIVE
• INFLUENCED BY DARWIN AND THE EMPHASIS ON INNATE, ADAPTIVE
BEHAVIOR PATTERNS
• APPLICATION OF PRINCIPLES OF EVOLUTION TO EXPLAIN BEHAVIOR AND
PSYCHOLOGICAL PROCESSES
HUMANISTIC PERSPECTIVE
•
DEVELOPED BY ABRAHAM
MASLOW & CARL ROGERS
•
BEHAVIOR REFLECTS INNATE
‘ACTUALIZATION’
•
FOCUS ON CONSCIOUS
FORCES AND SELF
PERCEPTION
•
MORE POSITIVE VIEW OF
BASIC FORCES THAN
FREUD’S
The
Humanistic
Approach
Carl Rogers is the best
known of the humanists.
This approach emphasizes that people have free will,
self-concepts and are basically good. Humanists believe
that every person can fulfill his or her potential.