Transcript Reconstruction & its Effects

Reconstruction &
its Effects
Mr. Lucas
US History
Politics of Reconstruction
 Lincoln’s Plan: Govt. would pardon most
Confederates if they swore allegiance to
the Union, 10% needed to take the oath
for the state to begin re-admittance to the
Union
 Johnson’s Plan: Johnson’s plan differed
only in that he tried to keep wealthy
landowners & high ranking Confederates
from taking the oath
Congressional
Reconstruction
 1866- Congress overrode presidential vetoes of the
1866 Civil Rights Act & Freedman’s Bureau Act
 14th Amendment- prevented states from denying rights
to any US citizen
 Reconstruction Act of 1867- did not recognize any state
government that came in under Lincoln or Johnson’s
plan
 Congress reorganized the South into 5 military districts,
states had to grant African-Americans the vote & ratify
the 14th amendment to be re-admitted
Johnson Impeached,
Grant Elected
 Johnson’s removal of Secretary of War Edwin
Stanton violated the Tenure of Office Act
 House voted to impeach, but the Senate did
not convict
 1868 election: Grant won by only 300,000
popular votes, over 400,000 African-Americans
voted for Grant
 15th Amendment- ratified in 1870, protected the
voting rights of citizens
Reconstructing Society
 Scalawags- white southerners who joined the
Republican Party
 Carpetbaggers- northerners who moved south
after the war
 Freedmen’s Bureau worked to educate and
better the lives of former slaves
 Hiram Revels was the 1st African-American
senator
 Sharecropping & tenant farming
Reconstruction’s Collapse
 Ku Klux Klan- destroy Republican Party, throw
out Reconstruction governments, prevent
African-Americans from exercising their rights
 1872- Congress returned the right to vote to
150,000 Confederates, and let the Freedmen’s
Bureau expire
 Supreme Court began undoing some of the
Congressional Reconstruction
 Election of 1876- Southern Democrats agreed
to Rutherford Hayes as President, and
Congress removed the troops from the South