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CHAPTER 1
CHANGING TRENDS
AND
CAREER IN PHYSICAL
EDUCATION
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Changing Trends and Career in
Physical education
1.1 (a) Definition of Physical Education
(b) Aims & Objectives of Physical Education
1.2 Development of Physical Education –Post Independence
1.3 Concept & Principles of Integrated Physical Education
1.4 Concept & Principles of Adopted Physical Education
1.5 Special Olympic Bharat
1.6 Physical Education and Career Options
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Changing Trends and Career in
Physical education
Introduction :
Physical Education is an integral part of the total education process.
Physical Education has various aims and objectives to understand.
In ancient Greece, much stress was laid down on Physical Education.
Great philosophers like Socrates, Aristotle and Plato were of opinion
that physical training is a must for youth.
In ancient India, physical activities were the essential part of life.
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1.1 (a) Definition of Physical Education
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1.1(B) Aims & Objectives of Physical Education
Development of
Right Attitudes
towards
Physical Activity
Health
Knowledge
Development
Emotional
Development
Spiritual
Development
Aims & Objectives
of
Physical Education
Social
Development
Organic
Development
Neuro-muscular
Development
Intellectual
or
Cognitive
Development
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1.1(B) Aims & Objectives of Physical Education
1. Organic Development :
 Foremost objective & related with physical
development.
 Development of organ systems such as circulatory
system, nervous system, muscular system, digestive
system etc.
 Development in size, shape and efficiency of organic
system are performed.
 During physical activities, the body
demands more and more from
various systems and organs, which
in turn have to function optimally
to cope with the stress of activity
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1.1(B) Aims & Objectives of Physical Education
2. Neuro-muscular Development :
 Concern with better co-ordination between nervous
system and muscular system.
 Good neuro-muscular co-ordination helps to keep of
fatigue during vigorous activities.
 Improves working with various equipment and
tools.
 Also known as psycho motor development or coordination development.
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1.1(B) Aims & Objectives of Physical Education
3. Intellectual or Cognitive Development :
 Participants are required to follow the rules and
regulations of a specific sport and apply these rules
according to the situation in that sport.
 Participants learns the values of these activities and
carry it over for lifetime.
 Researches have proved
that good sports person
have higher IQ.
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1.1(B) Aims & Objectives of Physical Education
4. Social Development :
 Physical Education provides ample opportunities to
its participants to interact with other individual and
groups.
 This gives wholesome experience to learn social
norms.
 Individual develops social
qualities & social habits.
 Values of competition and
co-operation are
also inculcated.
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1.1(B) Aims & Objectives of Physical Education
5. Emotional Development :
 Physical education aims at emotional
stability which helps in facing any type of
situation.
 Competitions are an indispensable part and
are characterized by success and failure.
 Physical education teaches
to accept success and
failure gracefully ,
which are also helpful
through out the lifetime.
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1.1(B) Aims & Objectives of Physical Education
6. Health Knowledge Development :
 Health knowledge is a part and parcel of P.E.
Programme.
 School health education programme
includes not only principles and important
rules of health education but also
information regarding healthy living and
community health.
 It also speaks of health hazards in society
like alcohol , smoking ,drug addiction etc.
 This knowledge builds a healthy and positive
life style and society.
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1.1(B) Aims & Objectives of Physical Education
7. Development of Right Attitude towards
Physical Activities :
 Physical education aims not only at
teaching & learning various physical
activities but also helps to develop a
healthy attitude towards sports and
games .
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1.1(B) Aims & Objectives of Physical Education
8. Spiritual Development :
 By participating in physical activities and
solving several tasks in the playfield, one
develops self confidence and self control.
 This self control leads to moral and
character development together with
spiritual development.
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1.2 development of Physical Education –
Post independence
 First Central Govt. Physical Education Committee,
Tara Chand Committee was set up in 1948, soon
after the independence.
 Central Advisory Board of Physical education-1950
 Raj Kumari Sports Coaching scheme for sports and
games initiated by Ministry of Health-1953.( To
stream line coaching programmes )
 All India Council of Sports -1954 (liaison between
Govt. and Federations).
 Lakshmi Bai College of Physical Education at
Gwalior -1957.
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1.2 development of Physical Education –
Post independence
 Sports and Youth Welfare Dept. Formed under
Ministry of Education-1958 .
 National Institute of Sports (NIS) at Patiala ,to
produce high quality coaches -1961.
 Sports Talent Search Scholarship Schemes
introduced-1970-71.
 Asian Games 1982.
 Sports Authority of India (SAI)to maintain and to
generate funds for sports infra structure – 1982.
 National Policy of Education-1986 (sports & P.E.
are integral part of learning process).
 LNCPE – deemed university -1995.
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1.2 development of Physical Education –
Post independence
 Sports and Youth Welfare Dept. Formed under
Ministry of Education-1958 .
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1.3
Concept of Integrated Physical
Education
Physical education is inter-related among
various fields & is a comprehensive concept.
It has sub disciplines like biomechanics,
exercise physiology, kinesiology(study of
mechanics of body movements) & health
education, sports philosophy, sports
management, sports pedagogy.
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1.3 principles of Integrated Physical Education
1. Capable of meeting the needs of present &
futuristic society.
2. IPE Programme is applicable to & should involve
all the people .
3. IPE contributes to learning cognitive & effective
fitness, social, moral development of individuals.
4. IPE programme develops motor skills, physical &
health related fitness of the people.
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1.3 principles of Integrated Physical Education
5. IPE programme should serve as good & healthy
foundation for life time participation.
6. IPE is based on various sub disciplines of physical
education which are helpful to people.
7. IPE programme should be able to provide deep
knowledge of physical education to the teachers
as well as students.
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1.4
Concept of adapted Physical
Education
1. A diversified programme of developmental activities,
games, sports and rhythms suited to the interests,
capacities and limitations of disabled students who
may not safely or successfully engage in unrestricted
participation in the general PE Programme
2. Deafness, Hearing impairment, Poor Body
Mechanics, Mentally challenged, Orthopaedic
impairment etc.
3. Sub-discipline of Physical Education
4. Involves physical fitness, motor skills, pattern
recognition skills, individual games and sports for
special people
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1.4 principles of adapted Physical Education
1. Thorough Medical check-up of Disabled Student


Type of disability faced by Student
Should be done at least annually
2. Interest of the students must be taken into
consideration.
3. Improvised rules and regulations
4. Special environment should be given
5. Various teaching strategies should be used
6. Special types of equipment should be used
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1.5 Special Olympic Bharat
1. National Sports Federation –registered under
Indian Trust Act 1882 in 2001
2. Accredited by Special Olympics International to
conduct special Olympic Programs in India.
3. Recognised by GOI as a National Sports
Federation in the Priority Category
4. Building Athletes, Changing Attitudes
 Impart holistic development & training that
covers all aspect of life
 Create Role Models
 Sensitize teachers to the special problems
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1.5 Special Olympic Bharat
5. Let me win. But if I can not win, let me be brave
in my attempt. (Special Olympics Athlete Oath)
6. Mission: To provide year round sports training
and athletic competitions in a variety of Olympic
type sports for children and adults with
intellectual disabilities. It will enable them to
develop physical fitness, demonstrate courage ,
experience joy and participate in sharing of gifts
, skills and friendship with their families and
friends
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1.6 Physical Education & career options
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
Sports as a profession
Sports Coaching
Sports in Private Life
PE teaching
Sports Officiating
PE Administration
Sports Medicines
Sports Journalism
Sports Physiology
10. Sports History
11. Sports Scientists
12. Sports Engg
13. Grounds Supervisors
14. Stadium administrator
15. Sports Statistician
16. Sports Market Mngr
17. Sports Messenger
18. Sports Representative
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