Transcript importance of fat

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Fats
 one
important of macronutrient .
 each one gm of fat yield 9 kcal of energy .
 importance of fat :
 1-source of energy & storage .
 2-essential nutrient supply .
 3-food satiety [ feeling of taste ,& add flavor
to food , slow gastric emptying .
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Function of Fat :
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1-energy production .
2-thermal insulation .
3-vital organ protection .
4-nerve impulse transmission .
5-enter in cell membrane structure & help in
transportation of nutrient cross the cell membrane .
6-enter in cell metabolism { lipo protein carry fat in
the blood to all cells }.
7-essential precursor substance{ fatty acid &
cholesterol }.
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N B : too much of fat store in adipose tissue lead to
increase body WT hypertension ,heart disease
,diabetes mellitus .
*physical characteristic of fat : greasy in touch
,insoluble in water .
*types of fat :
1- saturated fat : comes from animal origin ,fatty
acid saturated with hydrogen .
2- monosaturated fat : comes from plant origin as
olive oil ,fatty acid saturated with one hydrogen ion .
3- poly saturated fat : fatty acid is saturated with
two or more of hydrogen ion ,comes from plant
source as coconut oil, palm oil .
*essential fatty acid :
 the
body cant manufacture it & therefore
must obtain it from the diet .
 -function :
 @ membrane structure { strength the cell
membrane }.
 @cholesterol transport to blood .
 @has role in blood clotting prolonged of
clotting time
 @ local hormone like effect { prostaglandin
,prostacycline thromboxane ,& leukotriens
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Prostaglandins :
 1stly
discovered in the semen which comes
from prostatic gland .
 Has role in smooth mulched tone & platelet
aggregation .
 Derived from fatty acid
 Hormone like action ,regulation of gastric
acid secretion.
 Has role in inflammatory process & body
temp. control .
 Lower of Bp .
*Triglycerides
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Three fatty acid chains attached with glycerol ,[
monoglycerids ,diglycerids ,triglycerides ].
saturated fatty acid comes from animal source as
milk , meat ,eggs .
unsaturated fat comes from plant source as vegetable
oils .
visible & hidden food fat :
visible butter, margarine ,oil salad dressing ,bacon &
cream .
hidden fat : egg yolk is fat , white is pure protein ,
also nuts seeds , olives ,avocadoes
*cholesterol :
 Run
in blood stream , consider vital structure
in human metabolism , origin from steroid .
 essential in formation of bile .
 enter in enzymatic digestion of fat .
 found in large amount in the brain &nerve
tissue .
 essential component of cell membrane .
 cholesterol has role in cardio vascular
disease { atherosclerosis }.
 NB:
 Lipoprotein
is a mixture of lipid & protein .
 -HDL: high density lipoprotein .
 -LDL: low density lipo protein .
 * digestion of fat:
 -in the mouth fat break down into small
particles by chewing & mastication .
 -in the stomach mechanical mixing of fat
with gastric secretion .
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in the small intestine , bile secretion &
pancreatic enzyme , with small intestine
secretion digest fat .
 - because fat is not water soluble unite with
protein to form lipo protein go to lymphatic
system for absorption .
metabolism : burn out of fat to produce
energy .
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Thanks for
Your Attention!
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