Transcript Lecture - Pedagog Mob

Broken Windows
Kelling & Wilson
1982 Broken Windows
People are made up of
“regulars” and “strangers”
What kind of policing and
surveillance does this
justify?
Who are “strangers”
Kelling & Wilson
1982 Broken Windows
Comparison between
Bronx & Palo Alto?
•Stanford University
•‘While the city contains homes that
now cost anywhere from $800,000 to
well in excess of $40 million, much of
Palo Alto's housing stock is in the
style of California mid-century
middle-class suburbia…’
Broken Windows
Sampson & Raudenbush
•Empirical
•Literature
Cultural stereotypes
Implicit bias & social
meaning of “disorder”
“Should police activity on the street be
shaped […] by the standards of the
neighborhood rather than the rules of
the state?” Kelling & Wilson (1984)
Assumption about the
regulation of public space in
the question?
Cost of Zero Tolerance…
Military Urbanism, Reconnaissance
Wars & The Right to the City
Bauman
• Marxist roots but...
– From economy of
producers to
consumers
• WWII Holocaust
– Banality of evil
• Hannah Arendt
– Bureaucracy
– Procedural rationality
– Myth of security
• Illusion of security in
territoriality
• Vague strangers
Liquid Fears
• Even procedural
rationality will not be
enough to regulate all
social groups...
“There is no local solutions to global problems
– although it is precisely the local solutions
that are avidly sought, though in vain...”
(Bauman, 2002: 84)
Right
to the City
David Harvey drawing
from Henri Lefebvre
• Marxist
• Jane Jacobs
• Cities are full of
conflict
– Material conditions
shape social
conditions...
Urbanism:
Surplus Production
“The city is the
historical site of
creative
destructivism”
(Harvey, 2003:939)
Public Space as a Resource
“Quality of urban life
has become a
commodity...”
(Harvey, 2008:p.8)
Byward Market
Ontological
Security
Appearance of
security...
Aesthetics of surplus
value (ideology)
• Hotel room…
Politics of exclusion
New Military
Urbanism
Justifies the
militarization of the
everyday
– People background
noise..
Industry of
reconnaissance
Can you think of an
example of millitary
aesthetics in Ottawa?
Propaganda
Propaganda
“...the enemy is a
concept or a set of
practices rather than
a holistic nation
state.” (Iveson, 2010:118)
Brighenti
Social Theory Lens
Cultural geography
What is precisely public
in public space?
Defining graffiti....
Problematic…
Interstitial practice
When interrogated from
each perspective:
“yes, but....”
Common denominator:
materiality
Because...
1. Global context &
“street”
2. Legislation vs.
creativity
3. Tools & techniques of
the body
4. Simplistic/complex
lifestyle
5. Architecture as
affordances (not
things)
Walls as
Artefacts:
Strategy
Why does a
municipality
care about
walls?
Strategy
Governmentality
(Foucault)
•Procedural power
•Historical emergence
of knowleges about
such
powers/populations
•Application of tools
– Administrative state
Walls as Visable Territorial Devices
Graffiti as Tactical
Strategy...
Citizens are ‘imagined’ in
walls
(Official Graffiti, Hermer & Hunt)
Graffiti challenges these
narratives with “at hand”
tools (bricolage)
Public scene
as composition
The “street”: the birth
and target of graffiti
Allison Young:
Confusion about public
space (e.g.‘education’)
Graffiti poses two questions: Public
1. What is a writer?
2. What is public space?
– Restrictive/Utilitarian
– Permissive/Antiquity
Walls...
“...are governmental
tools that set limits and
impasses, and
complimentary allowed
paths and
trajectories...”
Writers see walls as
invitations to continue
the conversation about
public space...
Who Benefits from War?
What of these
relationships to
policy creation?