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Hypothyroidism
By Ranwant Rathor
The Thyroid Gland
The thyroid gland is located in the front of the neck just below the
voice box (larynx). It releases hormones that control metabolism.
The function of the Thyroid Gland
• The thyroid gland sets the rate at which you
produce energy from your body's stores by
the release of thyroid hormones.
• It is an endocrine gland, which means that it
secretes hormones directly into the blood
through ductless glands.
What is Hypothyroidism?
• Hypo = low
• Hypothyroidism is a condition in which the
thyroid gland does not produce enough
thyroid hormone ( known as a deficiency of
the thyroid hormone)
Causes of Hypothyroidism
• The most common cause of hypothyroidism is
inflammation of the thyroid gland, which
damages the gland's cells. Autoimmune or
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, in which the immune
system attacks the thyroid gland, is the most
common example of this.
• Another cause of hypothyroidism is autoimmune disease, which can make the thyroid
less active.
Other causes of Hypothyroidism
• Other common causes of hypothyroidism include:
• Congenital (birth) defects
• Radiation treatments to the neck to treat different
cancers, which may also damage the thyroid gland
• Radioactive iodine used to treat an
overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism)
• Surgical removal of part or all of the thyroid gland,
done to treat other thyroid problems
• Viral thyroiditis, which may cause hyperthyroidism and
is often followed by temporary or permanent
hypothyroidism
Symptoms of Hypothyroidism
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The symptoms include :
Weight Gain
Depression or Anxiety
Face swelling and Puffy eyes
Difficulty concentrating or remembering
Breathlessness and swelling of feet
Poor libido
Treatment and Recovery
• It's difficult to prevent thyroid illness.
Hypothyroidism is treated with thyroid
hormone medication. Treatment of
hyperthyroidism may involve medication to
reduce the production of thyroid hormone,
radioactive iodine therapy or a thyroidectomy
(removal of part of the thyroid gland).
The effect of Hypothyroidism on lives
Professional footballer Ronaldo Luís Nazário
de Lima at the peak of his footballing powers
at the 2002 World Cup. He went on to amass
475 goals in his professional career and is
known as the best striker of his generation.
However…
..after being diagnosed with hypothyroidism,
Ronaldo found it difficult to maintain the
necessary weight needed for the demands of
professional football. It was this condition
that forced him to retire from professional
football in February 2011 at the age of 34.