Transcript The Endocrine System

The Endocrine System
Image from:
http://stewardess.inhatc.ac.kr/philoint/culture/i
mages-system/endocrine-system-01.gif
Endocrine System
Read the article below.
Once you have read the
article, answer the
question below and share
your answer with me on
google drive.
[email protected]
 In the article, hormones
are explained as a critical
part of the endocrine
system. Explain how
hormones are used to
regulate different body
processes using
examples from the
text.
Function
 The body system that consists of glands and regulates your
hormones.
 Hormones: Chemical messengers that are released into the
bloodstream to control many of your body’s activities.
 Gland: A group of cells or an organ that releases a hormone.
Pituitary Gland
 Produces hormones that control other glands
 Produces hormones that control bone growth and movement
of involuntary muscles.
Image from:
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/im
ages/ency/fullsize/17227.jpg
Adrenal Gland
 Two glands over the kidneys
 Control water balance
 Aid with digestion
 Secrete adrenaline, which helps the body respond quickly in
an emergency.
Fight or Flight?
Image from:
http://cache.lexico.com/dictionary/graphic
s/ahd4/jpg/A4adregl.jpg
Pancreas
 Produces digestive enzymes (insulin) and chemicals that
control blood sugar levels
 Releases insulin, which lowers blood sugar by helping move
sugar from blood into body cells for conversion to energy.
Image from:
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/images/e
ncy/fullsize/8883.jpg
Parathyroid Glands
 Four small glands on the thyroid
 Control the amounts of calcium and phosphorus in the body
Image from:
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/
images/ency/fullsize/8890.jpg
Thyroid Glands
 Produce thyroxine, which controls metabolism.
Image from:
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/images/ency/f
ullsize/8966.jpg
Diabetes mellitus
 The body produces little or no insulin or cannot use insulin
 Symptoms:




Weight loss or gain
Low energy
Extreme thirst
Frequent urination
 Three types:
 Type 1: occurs most often among children and adolescents
 Type 2: usually occurs during adulthood and is related to
obesity
 Gestational: may occur during pregnancy
Treatments include: Insulin replacement, change in diet and
exercise.
Hyperthyroidism
 Excessive amounts of thyroxine are released into the body
 Makes your body systems work faster than they should
 Symptoms:
 Fatigue
 Weight loss
 Rapid heartbeat
 Muscle weakness
 Irritability
 Nervousness
 Treatments include medications, surgeries, and radiation
Hypothyroidism
 Not enough thyroxine is released into the body
 Forces the body systems to work slower than they should
 Symptoms:
 Weight gain
 Sluggishness
 Muscle weakness
 Difficulty concentrating
 Depression
 Treatment: medication (oral thyroxine)
Ovaries
 Two female reproductive glands
 Produce egg cells
 Produce estrogen, the female sex hormone that controls
development of secondary sex characteristics in females.
Testes
 Two male reproductive glands
 Produce sperm cells
 Produce testosterone, the male sex hormone that controls
development of secondary sex characteristics in males.
Understanding How Your Body is
Changing
 Puberty: A stage of growth and development when secondary
sex characteristics appear in males and females.
 In females, this normally begins between the ages of 8 and 14
 In males, this normally begins between the ages of 10 and 15
Secondary Sex Characteristics
Males
Females
 Increased height and muscle
 Increased height
mass
 Deepening voice
 Increased perspiration
 Growth of facial, underarm,
and pubic hair
 Increased perspiration
 Growth of underarm and
pubic hair
 Enlargement of breast tissue
 Onset of menstruation
Both males and females may experience changes in mood due to
changing levels of hormones.
Tips for Endocrine Health
 Get regular medical checkups
 Get enough rest and sleep
 Stay physically active every day
 Eat healthful meals