Transcript What are some of the major hormones released by the endocrine

Psychology 304:
Brain and Behaviour
Lecture 18
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The Endocrine System
1. What are some of the major hormones released by
the endocrine glands?
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By the end of today’s class, you should be able to:
1. identify hormones released by distinct endocrine
glands and their functions.
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What are some of the major hormones released by
the endocrine glands?
• Among the hormones released by the endocrine glands
are the following:
Oxytocin
 Released by the posterior pituitary.
 Associated with the milk letdown reflex, uterine
contractions, sexual response, bonding, and
parental behaviour.
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Milk Letdown Reflex
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Vasopressin
 Released by the posterior pituitary.
 Inhibits urine formation, allowing for water
conservation.
Growth Hormone or Somatotropin
 Released by the anterior pituitary.
 Regulates growth of tissue and bone, stimulates
immune system.
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Thyroxine
 Released by the thyroid gland.
 Influences metabolic rate, increases alertness,
associated with reflexes.
Cortisol
 Released by adrenal cortex.
 Increases levels of blood glucose, accelerates protein
metabolism, produces anti-imflammatory effect.
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Ephinephrine, Norephinephrine
 Released by the adrenal medulla.
 Prepare the body for “flight or fight”, under direct
control of sympathetic neurons.
Melatonin
 Released by pineal gland.
 Associated with maintenance of biological or
circadian rhythms. Antioxidant effects.
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Estradiol
 Released by the ovaries.
 Associated with the development of female
secondary sexual characteristics, stimulates
secretion of FSH and LH associated with ovulation,
assists in the maintenance of pregnancy.
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Testosterone
 Released by the testes.
 Associated with the development of male primary
and secondary sexual characteristics and sperm
production.
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The Endocrine System
1. What are some of the major hormones released by
the endocrine glands?
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