Transcript The Connections of the Twelve Regular Meridians

TWELVE MERIDIANS
Guangyi Xiong MD PhD
Yunnan University of Traditional
Chinese Medicine
Email:[email protected]
Overview
• This theory studies the physiological and
pathological relationship between the meridians
and viscera.
• Combing the basic theories such as the visceral
manifestation theory, qi-blood-fluid theory, and
theory of etiology.
Overview
• “不诵十二经络，开口动手便错”
•
----《医学入门》
• “If one does not read the twelve meridians, one
will make mistakes while inquiring and treating”
Outlines
• The Nomenclature
• The Distributions
• The exterior-interior
relations
• The Courses
• The connections
• The flowing order
Section I The Concept and
Composition of the Meridians
• Meridian are pathways in which the qi and blood
circulate and through which the viscera and
limbs are connected, allowing the upper-lower
and interior-exterior portions of the body to
communicate.
I The Concept of the Meridians
• The meridians form the main truck, while the
collaterals represent the branches.
• Meridians run in straight fixed courses, while
collaterals crisscross in the body, forming a
network and linking-up the viscera, organs,
orifices, skins, muscles, tendons and bones into
an organic whole.
II The compositions of the meridian
system
•
meridians and collaterals
• Meridian: twelve regular meridians; eight extra
meridians; the twelve divergent meridians
• Collateral: the fifteen major collaterals; the small
collaterals; the superficial collaterals
• Subsidiary part: the twelve meridian tendon regions; the
twelve skin areas
Twelve Regular Meridians
• Include:
• Three Yin Meridians of Hand (Lung，Pericardium and Heart);
• Three Yang Meridians of Hand (Large Intestine，Triple-Jiao and
Small Intestine)，
• Three Yang Meridians of Foot (Stomach,Gallbladder and Bladder)，
• Three Yin Meridians of Foot (Spleen，Liver and Kidney)．
• They are the major trunks of the system of the meridians，so they
are called the Twelve Regular Meridians.
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1. The Nomenclature of the Twelve
Regular Meridians
The nomenclature of the Twelve Regular
Meridians is based on the three factors:
a) Hand or Foot,
b) Yin or Yang,
c) Zang or Fu viscera.
1. The Nomenclature of the Twelve
Regular Meridians
• The Twelve Regular Meridians pertain to the
twelve Zang and Fu organs correspondingly,
each regular meridian is named after the
organ to which it pertains.
• In consideration of the factors, such as hand
or foot, interior or exterior, anterior, middle or
posterior aspect of the meridian travels
through, and also in accordance with the
theory of Yin and Yang
The Nomenclature of the Twelve Regular
Meridians
• The meridians that pertain to the Fu-organs
are Yang meridians which mainly travel along
the lateral aspect of the limbs.
• The meridians that pertain to the Zangorgans are called Yin meridians which are
mainly distributed on the medial aspect of
the four limbs.
The Nomenclature of the Twelve Regular
Meridians
• Based on the development of Yin and
Yang theory, the meridians are divided
into three Yin meridians and three Yang
meridians.
The Nomenclature & Classification
of the Twelve Meridians
Hand
Foot
Yin Meridians
(Pertain to Zang organs)
Yang Meridians
(Pertain to Fu organs)
The Lung Meridian of Taiyin
The Large Intestine Meridian of
Yangming
The Pericardium Meridian of
Jueyin
The Tri-Jiao Meridian of Shaoyang
The Heart Meridian of
Shaoyin
The Small Intestine Meridian of
Taiyang
The Spleen Meridian of
Jueyin
The Stomach Meridian of
Yangming
The Liver Meridian of Jueyin
The Gallbladder Meridian of
Shaoyang
The Kidney Meridian of
Shaoyin
The Urinary Bladder Meridian of
Taiyang
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2. The Distributions of the Twelve
Meridians
• The twelve regular meridians are
distributed symmetrically at the left and
right sides of the head, trunk and four
limbs and go through the whole body.
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躯干部：前面4条经脉，7条线；后面2条经脉，5条线
In the body trunk
胃经
6
4
任脉
3寸 1.5寸 督脉
2
第5肋间
脐上6寸
脐上3寸
4
2
0.5
脾经 肾经
In the front of the trunk
(The thoracico-abdomina aspect)
膀胱经
On the back of the trunk
(The Dorsal aspect)
四肢部：
On the four limbs
外侧
The lateral aspect
阳明（前缘）
Yangming
－－－
(the anterior border) －
少阳（中线）
Shaoyang
(the midline)
－－－－
内侧
The medial aspect
太阴（前缘）
Taiyin
(the anterior border)
厥阴（中线）
Jueyin
(the midlinie)
少阴（后缘）
太阳（后缘）
Taiyang
Shaoyin
－－－－
(the posterior border)
(the posterior border)
注：下肢在内踝上8寸以下，足厥阴在足太阴之前，
在内踝上8寸以上，遵循规律。
The Distributions of the Twelve Meridians⑵
• The six Yin meridians are distributed on
the medial aspects of the four limbs, the
thoracic and abdominal regions. The three
Yin meridians of the hands are distributed
on the medial aspects of the upper limbs,
while the three Yin meridians of the foot on
the medial aspects of the lower limbs.
The Distributions of the Twelve Meridians ⑶
• The six Yang meridians are mostly
distributed on the lateral aspects of four
limbs, head and trunk. The three Yang
meridians of hand are distributed on the
lateral aspects of the upper limbs, while the
three Yang meridians of foot on the lateral
aspects of the lower limbs
The Distributions of the Twelve Meridians ⑷
• The three Yang meridians of hand and foot
are arranged in an order, in which "Large
Intestine and Stomach Meridians" are the
anterior ones, "Triple-Jiao and Gallbladder
Meridians" the medium ones, and "Small
Intestine and Bladder Meridians" the posterior ones.
The Distributions of the Twelve Meridians ⑸
• The three Yin meridians of hand are arranged
as follows: "Lung Meridians" are the anterior
ones, "Pericardium Meridians" the medium
ones, and Heart Meridians" the posterior
ones, The three Yin meridians of foot are to
the aspects of the lower limbs and instep.
The Distributions of the Twelve Meridians ⑹
• They are arranged in an order in which
– Liver Meridians are the anterior ones,
– Spleen Meridians are the medium ones,
– Kidney Meridians are the posterior ones
• under the lever 8 cun above the medial malleolus,
Liver Meridians and Spleen Meridians are crossed,
then, Spleen Meridian is in the anterior aspect, Liver
meridian in the mediun aspect, Kidney Meridian in the
posterior aspect.
The Exterior-Interior and
Pertaining & Communicating
Relations of the Twelve
Regular Meridians
• The Exterior-Interior and Pertaining Relations of the
Twelve Regular Meridians:
• The Twelve Regular Meridians pertain to Zang-Fu
organs interiorly , there is an exterior-interior and
corresponding relation between Zang and Fu organs,
an exterior-interior and pertaining relation between
Yin meridians and Yang meridians.
The Exterior-Interior and
Pertaining & Communicating
Relations of the Twelve Regular
Meridians ⑵
• That is, the Lung Meridian has an exterior
and interior relations with the Large Intestine
Meridian, the Stomach Meridian with the
Spleen Meridian, the Heart Meridian with the
Small Intestine Meridian, the Bladder
Meridian with the Kidney Meridian, the
Pericardium Meridian with the Triple Jiao
Meridian, and the Gallbladder Meridian with
the Liver Meridian.
The Exterior-Interior and
Pertaining & Communicating
Relations of the Twelve
Regular Meridians ⑶
• There is a pertaining and communicating
relation between the Yin meridians and Yang
meridians connected interiorly-exteriorly in the
body. The Yin meridians pertain to the Zangorgans, and communicate with the Fu-organs,
while the Yang meridians pertain to the Fu-
organs, and communicate with the Zang-organs.
The Exterior-Interior and
Pertaining & Communicating
Relations of the Twelve
• For example, the Lung Meridian pertains to the lung and
Regular
Meridians
⑷
communicates with the large intestine, the Large Intestine Meridian
pertains to the large intestine and communicates with the lung. The
relation of interior and exterior meridians is reinforced by linking the
collaterals in the four limbs.
• Thus six pairs of the interior-exterior, pertaining and
communicative relations are formed among Zang and
Fu, Yin and Yang and meridians. There is a close
relation physiologically among the interior- exterior
meridians. They are inter-affected during the
pathological changes and inter-action during treatment.
4. The Courses of the Twelve Meridians
• The Courses of The Twelve Meridians:
– Three Yin meridians of hand start from the chest to the hands.
– Three Yang meridians of hand run from hands to the head.
– Three Yang meridians of foot run from the head to the feet.
– Three Yin meridians of foot run from the feet to abdomen and
chest.
The Courses of the Twelve Regular Meridians (2)
Head
Chest
Hand
Three Yang
Meridians
Abdomen
Foot
The Connections of the Twelve
Regular Meridians (1)
• The Yin Meridians link with the Yang meridians mainly in
the limbs.
– For instance, the Lung Meridian links with the Large
Intestine Meridian on the tip of the index finger. The
Stomach Meridian connects with the Spleen Meridian
on the tip of the great toe,the Bladder Meridian reaches
the lateral side of the tip of the little toe where it links
with the Kidney Meridian. The Gallbladder Meridian
runs to the distal portion of the great toe and terminates
at its hairy region where it links with the Liver Meridian.
The Connections of the Twelve
Regular Meridians （2）
• The Yang meridians and Yang meridians (with
the same nomenclature) are met on the head.
– For instance, both the Large Intestine meridian and
the Stomach Meridian go to both sides of the nose.
Both the Small Intestine Meridian and the Bladder
Meridian reach the inner canthus; Both the Triple
Jiao Meridian and the Gallbladder Meridian reach
the outer canthus.
The Connections of the
Twelve Regular Meridians（3）
• The Yin meridians are met in the chest
region.
– For instance, the Spleen Meridian links with the
Heart Meridian in the heart, the Kidney
Meridian links with the Pericardium Meridian in
the chest, and the Liver Meridian links with the
Lung Meridian in the lung.
十二经脉的循行走向与衔接规律
手三
阳
手
手
三
阴
足三
阳
头
胸
足
衔接规律
1、阳经与阳经在头面部衔接
2、阴经与阴经在胸部衔接
3、阴经与阳经在手足部衔接
腹
足三
阴
•
The Flowing Order of the
Twelve
Regular
Meridians
The circulation of qi and blood inside the Twelve meridians in like
the circular movement endlessly. Their circulation starts from the
lung meridian of Hand-Taiyin, runs to the liver meridian, and
restarts like a ring without end.
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The Flowing Order of the Twelve Regular
Meridians
LU
LR
LI
GB
ST
MiddleJiao
SP
SJ
HT
PC
KI
BL
SI
Summary
•
•
•
•
•
•
The Nomenclature
The Distributions
The exterior-interior relations
The Courses
The connections
The flowing order
Question
• What is the Twelve Regular Meridian?
• Could you describe the principles of the
Twelve Regular Meridian?
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