Transcript India

India
Preview and Processing
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
What is your first impression?
Why do you feel that way?
What is the location?
What is happening?
Why is this important?
How is water symbolically used in other
countries or cultures?

Geography
 Hindu Kush & Himalayas
 Subcontinent
 Indus & Ganges
 Seasonal winds: monsoon

Aryan “Nobles”
 1500 BCE nomads from central Asia
 Khyber Pass
 Caucasus mts.
 Wealth=cattle
 Illiterate
Depended on priest: Sanskrit
 Blending betw. The 2 = Hinduism

Hinduism
 Aryans w/ myths; everything
holy
 Vedas: 4 collections of hymns
gathered by priest: 1500 total
 Rig-Veda: most important &
oldest (1028)
 Vedic Age

Upanishads
 Attempt of teachers to understand and
explain Vedas
1. One true reality is Brahman the mighty
spirit that creates and destroys
2. One aspect of B. is self or soul=Atman
3. Nothing dies: reincarnation
4. Perfect Understanding=moksha wh/ =
merge w/ B

Caste System
1. Brahmin: “god’s mouth” = priest
2. Kshatriya: “god’s arms”=rulers &
warriors
3. Vaishya: “god’s legs” = landowners,
merchants
4. Shudra: “god’s feet” = servants &
slaves
5. Untouchables: nothing
Shiva:
destroyer
or
transformer
•Vishnu:
creator
and
destroyer
of all
existences

Buddhism
 Siddhartha Gautama
 Beautiful life; wife, son
 sick, feeble, dead: must seek wisdom
 Age 29 left family to become nomad &
seek wisdom
 Meditated under Bodhi tree
 “Enlightened One” or Buddha
 Concern for everyone
 No caste system

Four Noble Truths
1. Everything in life is suffering &
sorrow
2. Causes of pain are selfish desires
wh/ = rebirth & pain
3. Ending pain means ending selfish
desires
4. End desire & thus pain by
following the Eightfold Path

Eightfold Path
1. Rt. Knowledge
2. Rt. Purpose
3. Rt. Speech
4. Rt. Action
5. Rt. Living
6. Rt. Effort
7. Rt. Mindfulness
8. Rt. Meditation (concentration)

Mauryan Dynasty
 Chandragupta Mauryan
(322-298 BCE)
 United all of N. India
(9,000 increased to 700,000)
 Trusted no-one
 Fear
 Food tasters
 “Gov’t is the science of punishment”
Making the Connection
1.
2.
3.
4.
What modern day country is missing from
the original map of India?
How does religion play an important role in
the development of gov’t? culture?
What is Mohenjo-Daro and why is it
important?
What were at least two main things the
Harappan Culture was based on?

Ashoka (273 BCE)
st
1
@ like granddad
Edict
“federal aid”
Spread Buddhism

China

Chinese Society
 Family : roles est. fr. birth to death
 Elderly w/ power oldest male; oldest female
 females: father, husband, sons
 13-16
 Having sons increased status
 Gov’t
 Ruler like “super-grandfather”
 Mandate of Heaven
 Dynastic Cycle

Confucius
 K’ung Fu-tzu
 Social order & good gov’t based on 5
relationships
1. Ruler/subject
2. Father /son
3. Husband/wife
4. Older/younger
5. friend/friend
 Filial Piety
 Minister of Crime
 Crime wiped out
Confucius
The
Analects
Lao Tzu
 Natural order: universal force guides
all things (Tao)
 Taoism
 Legalist
 Efficient & powerful: reward & punish
 Limit ideas & actions


Ch’in (shih) Dynasty
 Ch’in Shih Huang-ti (246-210 BCE)
(Qin Shi Huang)
 Effective but cruel
 Ending opposition
1. Destroy outside rivals
2. End resistance w/i
 All nobles had to live @ capt.
 Burned books (farming & medicine)
 System of law, $, weights & measures
 Cart axles
Making the Connection
What is the only
man made object
visible from space?
Great Wall
 Protection from Huns
 Wheelbarrow
 20 to 25 ft. tall
 1,400 miles long
 Law
Han Dynasty (202 BCE)
 Glory, unity, peace
 Revoked Ch’in law
 no real barbarian threat


Making the Connection
What was the Silk Road and
why was it important?

Technology
1. Printing: block press (600) 2,000
copies per day
• Pi Sheng: (1040) moveable type
(Europeans 1450)
st
2. Magnetic compass: 1 used to see if
homes faces S.
3. Gunpowder: fireworks
4. 1st paper money
5. Silk & porcelain
Making the Connection
1.
2.
Name the European inventor
credited with the moveable
type printing press.
Why were the Chinese not
credited with the invention?