Transcript 7.2 ppt
Prokaryote=Bacteria ◦ No nucleus to house the genetic material ◦ Smaller and Simpler Eukaryotes=Plants, Animals, Fungi and Protists ◦ Nucleus to house genetic material ◦ Larger and more complex Regulates what enters and leaves the cell Protects and Supports Made of a lipid bilayer All cells have a membrane Found in plants, bacteria, fungi, and some protists Main function is protection and support Found outside the cell membrane Liquid Portion of cell outside the Nucleus All cells have cytoplasm Allows for movement of materials within the cell itself Contains nearly all the cells DNA Surrounded by Nuclear Envelope ◦ Contains pores to let materials in and out Chromatin: DNA unwound and bound to protein ◦ Condenses to divide=Chromosomes Nucleolus: Small dense region for assembly of ribosomes Convert chemical energy in food to useable energy for the cell Outer and inner membrane Inherited from mother Generates ATP (energy) for the cell Composed of microtubules Aids in cell division by dividing and organizing chromosomes ONLY found in animal cells ONLY active during cell division Modify, sort and package materials from Endoplasmic Reticulum Materials may be for storage in cell or export View Animation 1 View Animation 2 Capture energy from sunlight and convert CO2 to SUGARS (Photosynthesis) Found in Plants and some Protists Site of synthesizing materials ◦ Proteins (Rough) ◦ Lipids (Smooth) ◦ Other materials and detox Smooth ER ◦ No ribosomes present Rough ER ◦ Ribosomes present on surface Made of RNA (no membrane) Produce proteins by following coded instructions from the Nucleus Found in ALL CELLS Breaking down of molecules Contain ENZYMES ◦ Remember the chicken liver lab? Can also break down old, unusable organelles View another animation Storage ◦ H2O, salts, protein and carbohydrates Important for plant cells ◦ Why would this be? Support structure of plant Support of the cell Microfilaments ◦ Thread like structure, made of the protein Actin ◦ Form extensive networks ◦ Help the cell move Microtubules ◦ Hollow structures, made of protein Tubulins ◦ Maintaining cell shape ◦ Centrioles: located near cell nucleus, help organize cell division