Transcript Unit 4 Vocabulary

Unit 4 Vocabulary
#1
AP World History
Unit 4 Vocabulary #1
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Capital
Domestic system
Enclosure movement
Entrepreneurship
Factors of production
Industrial Revolution
Meiji Restoration
Russo-Japanese War
Sino-Japanese War
Zaibatsu
Pogrom
Quantum physics
Romanticism
Theory of natural selection
Theory of relativity
Extraterritoriality
Guano
*A complete definition is needed
**Number each word
18. Monroe Doctrine
19. Opium War
20. Maori
21. Spheres of Influence
22. Suez Canal
23. Tanzimat reforms
24. Treaty of Nanking
25. Young Turks
26. Bill of Rights (U.S.)
27. Bourgeoisie
28. Boxer Rebellion
29. Code Napoleon
30. Communism
31. Congress of Vienna
32. Conscription
33. Conservatism
34. Declaration of Independence
35. Declaration of the Rights of Man
and of the Citizen
Romanticism
 A literary and artistic
movement in
nineteenth-century
Europe; emphasized
emotion over reason
Extraterritoriality
 The right of foreigners
to live under the laws
of their home country
rather than those of
the host country
Zaibatsu
 Large industrial
organization created
in Japan during the
industrialization of the
late nineteenth
century
Pogrom
 Violence against
Jews in tsarist Russia
Conscription
 Military draft
Bourgeoisie
 In France, the class of
merchants and
artisans who were
members of the Third
Estate and initiators
of the French
Revolution; in Marxist
theory, a term
referring to factory
owners
Bill of Rights (U.S.)
 The first ten
amendments to the
United States
Constitution. These
amendments limit the
powers of the federal
government, protecting
the rights of all citizens,
residents and visitors
on United States
territory.
Boxer Rebellion
 Revolt against foreign
residents of China
Capital
 The money and
equipment needed to
engage in
industrialization
Code Napoleon
 Collection of laws that
standardized French
law under the rule of
Napoleon Bonaparte
Communism
 An economic system
in which the state
controls means of
production
Congress of Vienna
 Peace conference held
after Napoleon’s first
exile (1814-1815).
Presided over by Prince
Klemens von
Metternich it attempted
to bring stability back to
Europe by focusing on
compensation,
legitimacy, & balance of
power
Conservatism
 In nineteenth-century
Europe a movement
that supported
monarchies,
aristocracies, and
state-established
churches
Domestic system
 A manufacturing
method in which the
stages of the
manufacturing
process are carried
out in private homes
Declaration of Independence
 Document that set forth
the American colonists’
reasons for separation
from Great Britain.
Thomas Jefferson, the
principal author,
incorporated
Enlightenment ideas
such as “social
contract” into the
declaration
Declaration of the Rights of Man
and of the Citizen
 A statement of
political and private
property rights
adopted by the
French National
Assembly during the
French Revolution
Enclosure movement
 The fencing of
pasture land in
England beginning
prior to the Industrial
Revolution
Entrepreneurship
 The ability to combine
the factors of land,
labor, and capital to
create factory
production
Factors of production
 Resources used in
the production of
goods and services
Guano
 Bird droppings used
as fertilizer; a major
trade item of Peru in
the late nineteenth
century
Industrial Revolution
 The transition
between the domestic
system of
manufacturing and
the mechanization of
production in a factory
setting
Monroe Doctrine (1823)
 Policy issued by the
United States in
which it declared that
the Western
Hemisphere was off
limits to colonization
by other powers
Maori
 A member of a
Polynesian group that
settled New Zealand
about 800 C.E.
Meiji Restoration
 The restoration of the
Meiji emperor in
Japan in 1868 that
began a program on
industrialization and
centralization of
Japan following the
end of the Tokugawa
Shogunate
Opium War (1839-1842)
 War between Great
Britain and China
began with the Qing
dynasty’s refusal to
allow continued
opium importation into
China; British victory
resulted in the Treaty
of Nanking
Quantum physics
 Branch of science
that deals with
discrete, indivisible
units of energy called
quanta as described
by the Quantum
Theory.
Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905)
 War between Japan
and Russia over
Manchurian territory;
resulted in the defeat
of Russia by the
Japanese navy
Sino-Japanese War (1894-95)
 Conflict between
China and Japan for
control of Korea in the
late 19th cent.
Spheres of influence
 Divisions of a country
in which a particular
foreign nation enjoys
economic privileges
Suez Canal
 Canal constructed by
Egypt across the
Isthmus of Suez in
1869
Theory of natural selection
 Evolutionary process
by which favorable
traits that are heritable
become more common
in successive
generations of a
population of
reproducing organisms,
and unfavorable traits
that are heritable
become less common
Theory of relativity
 Proposed by the Jewish
physicist Albert Einstein
(1879-1955) in the early
part of the 20th century, is
one of the most significant
scientific advances of all
time. Although the concept
of relativity was not
introduced by Einstein, his
major contribution was the
recognition that the speed
of light in a vacuum is
constant and an absolute
physical boundary for
motion.
Tanzimat reforms
 Nineteenth-century
reforms by Ottoman
rulers designed to
make the government
and military more
efficient
Treaty of Nanking (1842)
 Treaty ending the
Opium War that
ceded Hong Kong to
the British
Young Turks
 Society founded in
1889 in the Ottoman
Empire; its goal was
to restore the
constitution of 1876
and to reform the
empire