Transcript Special Conditions PowerPoint

Conditions/Diseases of the
Skeletal and Muscular Systems
Sport Injury Videos
 Joe Theismann – Broken Leg
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mznBvAGScdg
 Torn ACL Basketball -
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b1Fe2F8zf2Y
 Kobe Bryant – Torn Achilles
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5NqRrONH5KY
Clinical Conditions
 Bones become thinner and
weaker with age
 Osteoperosis begins
between ages 30 and 40
 Women lose 8% of bone
mass per decade, men 3%
Osteoporosis
Scoliosis
 Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
 “S” shaped
 Occurs most often in the thoracic region
 Most common during adolescence and girls are more prone to
developing the condition
 If muscles on one side of the body are not functioning
properly, those on the opposite side tug on the spine and force
it out of alignment
 Treated with body braces or surgically before the growth
period ends to prevent permanent deformity or breathing
difficulties
Clinical Conditions
Gigantism
 Childhood hyper secretion of growth
hormone by the pituitary gland causes
excessive growth.
Pituitary dwarfism
 Growth hormone deficiency in children
resulting in extremely short long bones and
maximum stature of 4 feet.
Fractures - A break in the bone
 Closed – bone breaks cleanly
 Open – the broken bone ends have broken
through the skin
 Greenstick – bone splits and bends, does not break
(seen only in children)
 Spiral fractures
Figure 6–16 (4 of 9)
 Colles’ fracture
Figure 6–16 (6 of 9)
 Greenstick fracture
Figure 6–16 (7 of 9)
 Comminuted fractures
 Compression
fractures
Figure 6–16 (9 of 9)
Depression fracture of the skull
Fixing an Open Fracture
Video 2
Symptoms of Fractures
 Swelling
 PAIN/Tenderness
 Deformity – unnatural angle or position
 Bruising/discoloration
 Inability to move body part - bear weight
 Grating sound - squeaking
 Exposed fragments
 Sometimes no symptoms
Sprains - An injury to a ligament
 Mild (1st degree) – overstretched ligament
 Moderate (2nd degree)– partial tear
 Severe (3rd degree) – complete tear
Ankle Sprains
Symptoms of Sprains
Swelling
Tenderness
Pain in motion
Bruising/discoloration
Joint laxity
Strains - An injury to a muscle/tendon
Symptoms:
 Swelling
 Tenderness
 Pain
 Bruising
 Deformity
More conditions
Tendonitis – inflammation of the tendon
Examples of Strains
Definition
 A skeletal joint is a point at which two
bones meet. This is sometimes called
an articulation.
Dislocations - Displacement of the bone
 The joint is pushed beyond its normal range of motion
Symptoms:
 Deformity of joint
 Severe pain
 Swelling around joint
 Bruising
 Inability to move injured area
More Conditions
Bursitis – inflammation of the sac (bursa)
near the joint
Bursa – small sac containing
fluid that lies between
tendons and bones
Arthritis - Inflammation in and around the
joint
100 different types; most common disease in the world
Symptoms
 Joint stiffness
 Pain on movement
 Local weakness
 Swelling
First Aid
R – rest
I - ice
C - compression
E - elevation