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BONE FRACTURES
Mr. Mackay
• Factors that influence severity include
the degree and direction of the force,
the particular bone involved, and the
person’s age and general health.
• Broken bones take around four to eight
weeks to heal, depending on the age,
health of the individual, and the type of
break.
Symptoms
• The symptoms of a bone fracture depend on
the particular bone and the severity of the
injury, but may include:
• Pain, with sweating and a pale face
• Swelling
• Bruising
• Deformity
• Inability to use the limb.
Types of Fractures
• Greenstick fracture:
– Bone sustains a small, slender
crack.
– This type of fracture is more
common in children, due to the
comparative flexibility of their
bones.
• Simple/Transverse:
– The broken bone hasn’t
pierced the skin & is @
90deg’s.
Types of Fractures
• Comminuted fracture:
– Bone is shattered into small
pieces. This type of
complicated fracture tends to
heal at a slower rate.
• Pathological fracture:
– Bones weakened by various
diseases (such as osteoporosis
or cancer) tend to break with
very little force.
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Types of Fractures
• Avulsion fracture:
• Powerful muscle
contractions can
wrench the tendon free,
and pull out pieces of
bone.
• This type of fracture is
more common in the
knee and shoulder
joints.
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Types of Fractures
• Compression Fracture:
• Occurs when two bones
are forced against each
other.
• The bones of the spine,
are prone to this type of
fracture.
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Types of Fractures
• Compound fracture:
or ‘open’ fracture.
– The broken bone juts
through the skin, or a
wound leads to the
fracture site.
– The risk of infection is
higher with this type of
fracture.
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Osteoporosis
• Osteoporosis is a disease in which bones
become fragile and more likely to break.
• Typical breaks occur in the hip, spine and wrist.
• Primary Osteoporosis: It is typically due to
advancing age, decreased estrogen levels, poor
calcium intake, sedentary lifestyle.
• Secondary Osteoporosis. Loss of bone resulting
from a chronic health condition such as
hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, cancer.
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Epiphyseal Injuries
• Injury to the growing ends of young
bones. In a growing child, a serious injury
to a joint is more likely to damage a
growth plate than the ligaments that
stabilize the joint.
Fractures
Epiphyseal Injuries
• Injury to the growing ends of young
bones. In a growing child, a serious injury
to a joint is more likely to damage a
growth plate than the ligaments that
stabilize the joint.
Bone Breaks
• https://youtu.be/elxG7fbk6_Y
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