Transcript Noninfectious Diseases mv

Chronic Diseases
Chapter 23
Chronic Disease
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A disease that is not infectious .Can not be
transmitted to another person- not contagious
Usually caused by a risk factor that is
behavioral, environmental, or genetic.
They persist for a long period or recur
throughout life
Some of these diseases can be prevented,
some can not
Many of these diseases have no cure but can be
managed
Causes of noninfectious diseases
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Genetics:
Can inherit the gene that causes the disease
 Can be born with it
 Can be a characteristic that is a risk factor for
a particular disease (race, skin color, age,
gender)
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Can not control what we inherit BUT we
can be aware of our risks and get early
checkups and adjust our lifestyle
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Behavioral
The way you live your life
 Your habits – good and bad
 Diet, exercise, smoking, drugs, wearing
sunscreen, stress management, seatbelts,
helmets, medical check ups
 Your lifestyle can also be the cause of certain
risk factors like obesity, high blood pressure,
high cholesterol
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Environment
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Smog
Radiation
Pollution
Lead
Asbestos
Chemical waste
X-rays
UV rays
Common Noninfectious Diseases
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Allergies
Alzheimer’s
Asthma
Cancer
Cardiovascular
diseases
Muscular Dystrophy
Multiple Sclerosis
(MS)
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Arthritis/rheumatoid
Parkinson’s disease
Cystic Fibrosis
Sickle cell anemia
Anemia
Diabetes type 1 & 2
Cancer
A group of diseases that involves the rapid,
uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells.
Harms the body by destroying healthy body tissues.
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Tumor: an abnormal mass of tissue
Biopsy: procedure done to determine if tumor
is cancerous
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Malignant – cancerous tumor
Benign – non cancerous tumor
Metastasis – the spread of cancer from where it first
develops to other parts of the body
Treatment
Surgery – can remove part or all of the
malignant tumor
 Radiation – can kill cancer cells or slow
growth
 Chemotherapy – chemicals that kills the
cells in an effort to kill cancerous ones
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Detecting Cancer
Early detection is key to successful
treatment.
 Regular screenings
 Know your family health history
 Avoid behaviors that are associated with
cancer: tobacco, high fat diet, UV rays,
carcinogens, alcohol, sedentary lifestyle
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Top 10 Cancers in Women
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Breast (70% of diagnosed non hereditary) 1:8
Lung
Colon
Uterine
Thyroid
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Melanoma
Ovarian
Kidney
Pancreatic
Top 10 Cancers in Men
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Prostate 1:6
Lung
Colon
Bladder
Melanoma
Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
kidney
Oral
Leukemia
Pancreatic
7 Warning Signs of Cancer
 Change in bowel or bladder habits
 A sore that doesn’t heal
 Unusual bleeding or discharge
 Thickening or lump in breast or elsewhere
 Indigestion or difficulty swallowing
 Obvious change in a wart or mole
 Nagging cough or hoarseness
Skin Cancer
3 Types of skin cancer
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Basal Cell: most
common, most treatable
Squamous Cell: very
treatable but can spread
and be deadly
Melanoma: Most
dangerous, least
common
ABCDE’s of Skin Cancer
A – asymmetrical
B – border
irregularities
C – color variations
D – diameter (bigger
than1/4 inch and/or
growing rapidly)
E – evolving,
changing
Protecting Your Skin
Always wear sun block, at least 15 SPF
 Avoid peak sun hours
 Protect your eyes
 Be familiar with moles, freckles, and any
other skin imperfection
 See a dermatologist yearly, especially if
skin cancer runs in the family or you spend
a lot of time in the sun
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SPF
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SPF means skin protective factor meaning the degree of
which sunscreen protects your skin from direct rays.
An SPF 10 means it protects you from 90% of the direct
rays and that if you apply a SPF 10 then theoretically
you can lay stay in the sun for 10 hours and get the
equivalent of one hour unprotected sun.
An SPF of 15 gives you 93% protection from the sun,
An SPF of 30 gives you 97% as well as SPF 40.
Apply liberally (1 ounce should cover entire body) and
reapply after swimming or excessive sweating.
Sunscreen vs Sunblock
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There are 2 types of rays:
UVA which causes premature aging
 UVB causes cancer
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Sunscreen only protects you from UVA
 Sun block protects from both types of rays
 To protect your skin from both types of
rays, look for ingredients: zinc oxide,
titanium dioxide, and octocrylene
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