Transcript Computer Technology History

Computer Technology
History
The affects of technology
on our society.
After completing this
lesson, you will know:

The history of computers from the 1940s up
to the present.
 The future of computing.
 The many ways in which computers are used
in modern life.
 How to make computers accessible to
persons with disabilities.
 How computers are used in business and
education.
Atanasoff-Berry Computer
1939

In late 1939, John
Atanasoff teamed up
with Clifford Berry to
build a prototype. They
created the first
computing machine to
use electricity, vacuum
tubes, binary numbers
and capacitors. The
capacitors were in a
rotating drum that held
the electrical charge for
the memory.
History of Computing
 1940s

First computers built for
breaking enemy codes in WWII

ENIAC (Electronic Numerical
Integrator And Computer) first
all-electronic computer
MARK series - 1944

Howard Aiken and Grace Hopper designed the
MARK series of computers at Harvard
University. The MARK series of computers
began with the Mark I in 1944. Imagine a
giant roomful of noisy, clicking metal parts,
55 feet long and 8 feet high. The 5-ton
device contained almost 760,000 separate
pieces. Used by the US Navy for gunnery and
ballistic calculations, the Mark I was in
operation until 1959.
Vacuum Tube
The vacuum tube was
used to amplify
voice and music.
However, the tubes
consumed power,
created heat,
burned out quickly,
and required high
maintenance.
“Debugging”

In the 1940s, computers
were housed in buildings
with no air conditioning.
In the evening the
researchers would leave
the windows open to cool
down the building and
computers.
“Debugging”

The moths were attacked
to the heat and lights and
would get into the
computers. It was
common practice to get the
bugs out of the computers
every evening. This is how
the phrase “debugging”
came into being in the
computer world.
History of Computing
 1950s


Invention of the transistor,
resistor and the Integrated
Circuit
IBM 650 & 7000 series
World’s Most Powerful
Computer in 1954

Faith Lillibridge at the NORC console: fifth
floor, Columbia University Watson Lab, 612
West 115th Street NYC,
Transistors

The transistors were
the first device
designed to act both
as a:


Transmitter:
converting sound
waves to electronic
waves
Resistor: controlling
electric current
Integrated Circuit
1958 – 1959

Integrated Circuit or
Silicon Chip was
invented by two
separate inventors.
 A single chip could
contain the
electronic circuitry of
the entire computer.
1950s
Key milestones in 1953
First released in 1953 with magnetic drum
memory and priced at less than half a
million dollars, the 650 was relatively
cheap.
History of Computing
 1960s
 DEC´s PDP-1
 The IBM 1130
 Hewlett-Packard entered the general
purpose computer business
DEC´s PDP-1

The precursor to the
minicomputer, DEC´s
PDP-1 sold 50 for
$120,000. It´s large scope
intrigued early hackers at
MIT, who wrote the first
computerized video game,
SpaceWar!

First mini-computers from
DEC and IBM
The IBM 1130 (1965):

The first IBM
computer to rent for
less than $1000 a
month." Intended for
use by scientists,
engineers, and
mathematicians.
History of Computing

1970s
 Xerox Alto first Graphical User Interface
(GUI) computer (1975)
 MITS Altair first personal computer (1975)
 Tandy/Radio Shack personal computer (1975)
 Wozniak and Jobs design Apple I and II
 1977 was the first hacker break in into a
Columbia computer from the outside, and it went
to court
 1977-1978 First use of email at universities on a
bulletin board system.
Xerox Palo - the first work station
with a built-in mouse 1973

Researchers at the Xerox Palo
Alto Research Center designed
the Alto — the first work station
with a built-in mouse for input.
The Alto stored several files
simultaneously in windows,
offered menus and icons, and
could link to a local area
network. Although Xerox never
sold the Alto commercially, it
gave a number of them to
universities. Engineers later
incorporated its features into
work stations and personal
computers.
Commodore PET

The Commodore PET
(Personal Electronic
Transactor or maybe
rumored to be named
after the "pet rock" fad)
was designed by Chuck
Peddle. It was first
presented at the January,
1977, Winter Consumer
Electronics Show and
later at the West
History of Computing
 1980s
 IBM
(1981) and DOS
 MAC
(1984)
 “Portable”
computers debut
IBM - 1980

In July of 1980, IBM
representatives met
for the first time
with Microsoft's Bill
Gates to talk about
writing an operating
for IBM's new hushhush "personal"
computer
1984 – Macintosh 128k

Released with much
fanfare in January of
1984, the Macintosh
was the first
affordable computer
to include a
Graphical User
Interface.
History of Computing
 1990s
 Personal
computers improve
dramatically
 Microsoft
 Internet
Windows 3.0 (1990)
and World Wide Web
History of Computing
 2000s
 High-speed
Internet access
 Instant messaging
 Tablet PC
 E-commerce
 Security: viruses, worms, hacks,
identity theft
Computers of today are not only
more compact, but efficient.
Computer Accessories
 Printers
today
can print,
copy, scan and
fax, as well as
print directly
from your
digital camera.
Accessible Technology

Accessibility features:
An operating system and software with features that
can be adjusted and customized to your own
accessibility needs.

Assistive technology products:
Designed to accommodate an individual’s disability or
multiple disabilities.

Compatibility:
An operating system and software compatible with a
specific type of assistive technology product.
Computer Technology and
more…35 mm to Digital
Motion picture cameras have made
way for the video camera
Land Line Telephones
to Cell Phones
Manual Cash Registers advances
to computer technology
With the continuing changes
in technology, the tools we use
for work, home and play will
also change. These changes
will impact businesses,
employment and educational
opportunities in our lives
today and into the future.
Information Technology
Careers
 Hardware
Engineer
 Support Professional
 Developer/Programmer
 Software Tester
 Systems Administrator
 Database Administrator
 Certified Professional
Computers in Education
Language Arts
 Reading
 Writing
 Art
 Music
Math and
Science
•Math
•Biology
•Chemistry
•Ecology
•Geology