Transcript Subjunctive for hopes and wishes

¡Adiós al verano!
Gramática 1
El Subjuntivo
• There are two moods in Spanish: the indicative and the
subjuntive
• You have been using the indicative mood to state things
that are real and factual in the present tense, the
preterite and the imperfect.
• The subjuntive allows you to express doubt, hopes and
wishes (among other things that are not concrete).
¡Adiós al verano!
Gramática 1
How do you form the subjuntive?
• Do you remember how to make formal commands?
• For –ar verbs go to the “yo” form of the verb, drop the “o”
and attach –e or –en.
• For –er and –ir verbs you go to the “yo” form of the verb,
drop the “o” and attach –a or –an.
¡Adiós al verano!
Gramática 1
El subjuntivo
• For the subjunctive you attach opposite endings to every
form.
• The first person and third person singular are the same.
¡Adiós al verano!
Gramática 1
Subjunctive of -ar verbs like “comprar”
• The endings for “ar” verbs in the subjunctive are:
e, es, e, emos, éis, en
• Comprar:
compre, compres, compre, compremos, compréis,
compren
Now you put the verb bailar into the
subjunctive:
baile, bailes, baile, bailemos, bailéis, bailen
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Subjunctive of “er” and “ir” verbs
Gramática 1
• The subjunctive endings for “er” and “ir” verbs are: a, as,
a, amos, áis, an
• Put hacer into the subjunctive:
• haga, hagas, haga, hagamos, hagáis, hagan
• Put decir into the subjunctive:
• diga, digas, diga, digamos, digáis, digan
• Put poder into the subjunctive:
• pueda, puedas, pueda, podamos, podáis, puedan
• Notice that the stem-changing rules are the same as in
the indicative.
¡Adiós al verano!
Gramática 1
Irregular verbs
• Some verbs have irregular forms because they have
irregular yo forms. The verbs ir, ser, dar have forms
that need to be memorized. Remember the command
forms:
• ve/ no vayas
• sé/ no seas
• da/ no des
¡Adiós al verano!
Irregular verbs
ir
vaya, vayas, vaya, vayamos, vayáis, vayan
ser
sea, seas, sea, seamos, seáis, sean
dar
dé, des, dé, demos, deis, den
Gramática 1
¡Adiós al verano!
Gramática 1
Repaso: Subjunctive for hopes and wishes
Preview
• Subjunctive for hopes and wishes
¡Adiós al verano!
Gramática 1
Subjunctive for hopes and wishes
• You already know that the subjunctive mood is used to
express hopes and wishes with esperar que, querer
que, and preferir que, and to give advice and opinions
with es mejor que, es buena idea que, es importante
que, aconsejar que, recomendar que, and sugerir
que.
¡Adiós al verano!
Gramática 1
Subjunctive for hopes and wishes
• In Spanish the subjunctive usually appears in the
dependent or subordinate clause, and is introduced by
the conjunction que after the main clause.
Main clause
Subordinate clause
Espero que el viaje a Toledo sea divertido.
I hope the trip to Toledo is fun.
Main clause
Subordinate clause
Te recomiendo que des una caminata por la ciudad.
I recommend you take a walk around the city.
¡Adiós al verano!
Gramática 1
Subjunctive for hopes and wishes
• The subjunctive is used when the subjects of the main
clause and the subordinate clause are different.
different subjects
Espero que Carmen pueda acompañarnos a
Guadalajara.
I hope Carmen can come with us to Guadalajara.
different subjects
Óscar sugiere que nosotros llevemos un picnic al
lago.
Oscar suggests we bring a picnic to the lake.
¡Adiós al verano!
Gramática 1
Subjunctive for hopes and wishes
• When there is no change of subject, an infinitive follows
the verb in the main clause.
Gloria prefiere ir al bosque.