Transcript Sophomore English (A)

Sophomore English (A)
Grammar
Agreement
Agreement of Subject & Verb
A verb should agree in number with its subject
Singular subjects take singular verbs.
Examples: He washes the dishes.
My neighbor plays in a band.
Plural subjects take plural verbs.
Examples: They wash the dishes.
Seven girls in my neighborhood play
in the band.
Agreement of Subject & Verb
Remember to first determine the subject of the
sentence before selecting your verb.
Do not get confused by a phrase or clause following the
subject.
Examples:
The apartments across the street do not have
balconies.
(verb agrees with apartments, not street)
The planes pulling up to the gate were purchased by
a movie company. (verb agrees with planes, not
gate)
The row of desks was crooked.(row is the subject,
not desks)
As well as, along with, together with, and in
addition to are compound prepositions.
Words in phrases beginning with compound
prepositions do not affect the number of the
subject or verb.
Example: Anne, together with her cousins, is
backpacking in Nevada.
Subjects joined by and generally take a plural
verb.
Example: Rhyme, rhythm, and imagery help
poets express their feelings.
Singular subjects joined by or or nor take a
singular verb. Plural subjects joined by or or nor
take a plural verb.
Examples:
After dinner, either Anne or Tony loads
the dishwasher.
Neither the coach nor the principal is
satisfied with the team’s performance.
Neither the students nor the teachers
want another snow day.
For a subject joined by or, the verb should agree
with the part of the subject closest to the verb.
THIS CAN BE A TRICKY ONE!
Example:
The dogs or the cat plays outside.
The dog or the cats play outside.
The pronouns anybody, anyone, anything, each,
either, everybody, everyone, everything, neither,
nobody, no one, nothing, one, somebody,
someone, and something are SINGULAR.
Example: Each of the dogs runs excitedly in the
dog park.
Neither of the men is ready to start the
race.
The pronouns both, few, many, and several are
plural.
Example: Both of us are qualified for the job.
Several of the runners are exercising.
One of the runners is exercising.
1. Not even one of the boys (walk / walks) to school.
2. There (is/are) several students waiting.
3. The rats or the mouse (have / has) the cheese.
4. Neither of the kids (has / have) taken a bath.
5. Either the physicians in this hospital or the chief
administrator (is / are) going to have to make a
decision.
6. (Is / Are) my boss or my sisters in the union going to
win this grievance?
7. Everyone selected to serve on this jury (has / have) to
be willing to give up a lot of time.
8. Kara Wolters, together with her teammates, (is / are)
a formidable opponent on the basketball court.
PRONOUNS
Subject, Object and Prepositional
Pronouns
What are the subject pronouns?
I
you
he
she
who
it
we
you all
Subject pronouns are used to
conjugate the verb. They are
pronouns, so they are replacing a
subject noun.
they
who all
Karena eats chicken and pickle
sandwiches.
She eats chicken and pickle
sandwiches.
Pronouns
What are the object (indirect and direct)
pronouns?
me us
you you all
him
her them
it
Object pronouns are the object of the
action in a sentence.
Did you see Wesley at the game?
Yes, I saw him.
Pronouns
What are the prepositional pronouns?
after/for/to/between/ etc. . .
me
us
you
you all
him
her
them
whom
it
Prepositional pronouns are used after
prepositions.
Between you and me, Elsa is very
funny.
Have you heard about us?
About whom are you talking?
Pronouns
What are the possessives?
my, mine
your, yours
his
her, hers
whose
its
our, ours
your, yours (you all’s)
their, theirs