Transcript Clauses Intro 11th

Clauses
& Sentence Types
(What your parents never taught you
about the Clauses.)
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INDEPENDENT CLAUSES
 a group of words that has a subject and verb that expresses a
complete thought
 DOES make sense by itself
 think of what the word “Independent” stands for it can be all by itself
Examples:
He cannot believe the news.
The dog barks loudly.
It starts every day.
DEPENDENT CLAUSES
 does NOT make sense by itself (Sentence fragments)
 a group of words that joins with an independent clause to
create a complete thought
 think of “depending” - it reminds you that it needs to lean on
or depend on something else to fully work
 ALWAYS begin with a subordinating conjunction OR a
relative pronoun
Examples:
Because she was hungry.
Who is very pretty.
Which I rescued from the shelter.
DEPENDENT CLAUSES
 SUBORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS - joins or connects a
clause for more information (*MUST have a S/V after it!)
 After, since, before, while, because, although, so that, if, when,
whenever, as, even though, until, unless, etc.
Examples:
Because she was hungry.
Before we go out tonight.
 RELATIVE PRONOUNS - introduces clauses that RELATE
additional information about a noun
 That, which, whom, who, whose, etc.
Examples:
Who is very pretty.
Which has the biggest pool ever!
NOW, YOU TRY…
She cannot understand that I need to study
three hours for a test.
The dog barks loudly when any cars drive by
the house.
My best friend, who is very kind and nice to
me, lives next door.
TYPES OF DEPENDENT CLAUSES
ADJECTIVE CLAUSE - a subordinate
clause that modifies a noun or pronoun
Example:
The flag, which was created in 1847, is striped.
(The underlined information is a clause that describes flag- a noun.)
TYPES OF DEPENDENT CLAUSES
 ADVERB CLAUSE - a subordinate clause that
modifies a verb, adjective or adverb
 answers where, when, why, in what way, to what extent, under
what condition
Example:
We saluted because the flag had been raised.
(The underlined information is a clause that describes saluted- a verb.)
TYPES OF DEPENDENT CLAUSES
 NOUN CLAUSE - a subordinate clause that
acts as a noun
 often begin with the words that, which, who, whom, whose,
what, whatever
Example:
She could not describe which Scandinavian flag was her favorite.
(The underlined clause acts as a noun for the sentence.)
Article (2), common nouns (2), nominative pronoun,
action verb (2), coordinating conjunction, preposition
participle
Use your
WHITE notes!
Standing on a ladder, I slipped
and broke a window.
Use your
BLUE notes!
Subject, transitive verb, intransitive verb, direct object,
participle phrase, object of participle phrase
Standing on a ladder, I slipped
and broke a window.
Use your
PINK notes!
Underline any INDEPENDENT CLAUSES
Underline DEPENDENT CLAUSES twice and identify if it is an
adverb dependent, adjective dependent, or noun dependent.
Standing on a ladder, I slipped
and broke a window.
Underline any INDEPENDENT CLAUSES
Underline DEPENDENT CLAUSES twice and identify if it is an
adverb dependent, adjective dependent, or noun dependent.
Use your
PINK notes!
The four guys, who worked
hard to finish their project,
received extra credit.