Transcript Chapter 1

Chapter 1
The Sentence and
Its Parts
Lesson 1
Complete Subjects
and Predicates
Sentence
• A sentence is
a group of
words that
expresses a
complete
thought.
Sentence
• Every complete
sentence has
two basic
parts: a subject
and a
predicate.
Subject
• The complete subject
includes all the words that
tell whom or what the
sentence is about.
COMPLETE SUBJECT
Some architects bring nature indoors.
Subject
• Subject= Noun or Pronoun
–Noun- a person, place,
thing, or idea
–Pronoun- a word that
takes the place of a noun
Predicate
• The complete predicate
includes the verb and all
the words that modify the
verb.
COMPLETE PREDICATE
Some architects bring nature indoors.
Predicate
• Predicate= Verb
–Verb- shows action,
condition, or a state of
being
•Action verb
•Linking verb
•Helping verb
Practice & Apply
Directions: In each of the
following sentences
identify the complete
subject and complete
predicate.
Practice & Apply
1. Many animals need
shelter from cold
and predators.
1. Many animals / need shelter from cold and predators.
Practice & Apply
2.Lodges on islands
often give beavers
the best protection.
1. Lodges on islands often/ give beavers the best protection.
Practice & Apply
3. These homes are
built up from the
bottom of the
pond.
3. These homes /are built up from the bottom of
the pond.
Practice & Apply
4.Strong saplings are
anchored into the
mud.
4. Strong saplings/ are anchored into the mud.
Lesson 2
Simple Subjects
Subject
• The simple subject is the
main word or words in the
complete subject.
SIMPLE SUBJECT
Some architects bring nature indoors.
Lesson 3
Simple Predicates
Predicate
• The simple predicate, or
verb, is the main word or
words in the complete
predicate.
SIMPLE PREDICATE
Some architects bring nature indoors.
Practice & Apply
Directions: In each of the
following sentences identify
the simple subject and
simple predicate.
5. The sturdy rodents
then pile debris
into a mound.
5. Rodents/ pile
6.Branches buried in
the mud are food
for the winter.
6. Branches/ buried
7. The whole family lives
together in the snug burrow.
7. Family / lives
8.Their warm bodies
keep the
temperature
comfortable.
8. Bodies / keep
9. Predators can claw at the
frozen lodge.
9. Predators/ can claw
10.The crafty beavers stay
safe and warm inside.
10. Beavers / stay
Lesson 4
Verb Phrases
Verb Phrases
• A verb phrase is made up
of a main verb and one or
more helping verbs.
VERB PHRASE
The computer can help you learn.
Helping Verbs
Forms of be: is, are, was, were,
be, been
Forms of do: do, does, did
Forms of have: has, have, had,
Others: may, might, can, should,
could, would, shall, will
Practice & Apply
Directions: In each of the
following sentences
identify the verb phrase.
1. The first “smart house” was
developed in the early
1980s.
1. Was developed
2. Its appliances could
communicate with each
other.
2. Could communicate
3. Suppose you were
running the
vacuum cleaner.
3. Were running
4. The noise might
keep you from
hearing the phone.
4. Might keep
5. Those with disabilities may
benefit the most from a
smart house.
5. May benefit
6. The house will
perform some of
the tasks beyond
their capability.
6. Will perform
Lesson 5
Compound Sentence
Parts
Compound Subject
• A compound subject is
made up of two or more
subjects that share the
same verb.
Compound Verb
• A compound verb is made
up of two or more verbs
that share the same
subject.
Practice & Apply
Directions: In each of the
following sentences identify
the compound subject or
compound verb.
1. Space stations and
orbiting platforms
are our first step
away from earth.
1. Space stations and platforms
2. In the future, we may design
and build outer-space cities.
2. May design and build
3. Several nations or
international groups could
pool their resources.
3. Nations or groups
4. They could
create and
manage a colony
on the moon.
4. Could create and manage
5. Minerals and other
raw materials would
be shipped to
colonies in space.
5. Minerals and raw materials
6. We already design and plan
model cities.
6. Design and plan
Lesson 6
Kinds of Sentences
Declarative
• Makes a statement;
always ends with a period.
Interrogative
• Asks a question; always
ends in a question mark.
Imperative
• Tells or asks someone to
do something; usually
ends with a period but
may end with an
exclamation point.
Exclamatory
• Shows strong feeling;
always ends with an
exclamation point.
Practice & Apply
Directions: identify each of
the following sentences as
declarative, interrogative,
exclamatory, or imperative.
1. Did you know
that some
wasps build
round, gray
nests that can
be as big as
beach balls
?
1. interrogative
2. The nests
are made
from
cellulose
and are
very strong .
2. declarative
3.Stay away from wasps .
3. imperative
4.Their sting is very
painful !
4. Exclamatory
Lesson 7
Subjects in Unusual
Order
Questions
• In a question, the
subject usually
comes after the
verb or between
parts of the verb
phrase.
Commands
• The subject
of a
command, or
imperative
sentence, is
usually you.
Inverted Sentences
• In an inverted sentence,
the subject comes after
the verb. Writers use this
method to emphasize
particular words or ideas.
Here or There
• In some sentences beginning
with here or there, subjects
follow verbs. To find the
subject in such a sentence,
look for the verb and ask the
question who or what.
Practice & Apply
Directions: In each of the
following sentences identify
the subject and verb.
1. There are some benefits to
games at the home stadium.
1. Benefits / are
2. In the bleachers sit
all your fans.
2. Fans / sit
3. There are fewer hostile fans
from the other team.
3. Fans / are
4. Is travel
time shorter
to and from
the game?
4. Travel/ is
5. On the field can
be seen special
landscaping.
5. Landscaping/ can be seen
6. Will the umpires
give the home team
a break?
6. Umpires/ will give
7. Does the team
usually play better
on their own field?
7. team / does play
8.Look at the
team’s record for
the season.
8. you / look
9. There are more wins at
home.
9. wins/ are
10.Plan more home games for
next year.
10. You / plan
Lesson 10
Sentences, Fragments,
and Run-ons
Sentence
• A sentence is a group of
words that expresses a
complete thought.
Fragments
• A sentence
fragment is a part
of a sentence that
is written as if it
were a complete
sentence.
Run-On
• A run-on sentence
is two or more
sentences written
as though they
were a single
sentence.
Practice & Apply
Directions: Identify each of the
following sentences as a
complete sentence, a fragment,
or a run-on.
1. The Maya live
in Mexico.
1. Complete Sentence
2. Their
traditional
homes.
2. Fragment
3. Fragment
3.Have been
much the
same for
centuries.
4. Some were made of
stucco and stone.
4. Complete Sentence
5. Today Mayan houses have
electricity and telephones
other things haven’t changed.
5. Run-on
The End