Transcript 105.04 Presentation File

Describe BIOS settings.
Objective 105.04 Course Weight 3%
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BIOS
Basic Input Output System
 Developed by IBM to give the machine
instructions on how to start and hand off control
to an OS.
 Contains instructions for a Power On Self Test
(POST).
As in most areas of PC, BIOS is changing.
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Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI)
A specification that defines a new model for the
interface between personal-computer operating
systems and platform firmware.
A replacement for the legacy BIOS that provides a
standard environment for booting an operating
system and running pre-boot applications.
You can use a mouse!
Manufacturers can easily customize it. Very cool, but
this also means that almost every one of them
differs.
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General or System
Usually provides a system summary that may
include:
 CPU
 RAM
 Firmware version
The ability to manipulate the Date and Time.
Keeps OS time synchronized even if the computer is
unplugged by means of the CMOS battery.
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Boot Sequence
 The list of devices that a PC searches through in order find a
boot loader.
 The boot loader is what loads the operating system
(Windows, Linux, OSX).
 Common entries in the boot sequence list:
 ODD
 HDD
 Flash Drive
 Network
 Usually, one of the F-keys also provides access to “One time
boot Menu”.
 Can commonly find the option to enable/disable the POST
logo screen from this area of the BIOS.
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Drive Configuration
Displays connected drives.
 PATA on older systems with Master and Slave
listed.
 SATA on modern systems.
May be able to enable/disable SATA and PATA ports
from this menu.
SATA Mode
 Legacy/IDE – runs as if connected to a PATA HDD.
 AHCI – hot swappable, support for NCQ.
 RAID – turns on RAID boot ROM, hot swappable.
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Integrated Devices
 The menu to enable/disable built-in hardware:
 NIC
 Serial/Parallel Port
 Firewire
 USB
 Audio
 Integrated Graphics
 Security (TPM chip)
 Can be useful if having conflicts with an expansion devices.
 Example: Integrated sound + sound card, disable integrated
sound.
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Security
 Menu to set passwords.
 Can be erased with a simple CMOS battery removal.
 This is why chassis intrusion detection exists.
 TPM - Trusted Platform Module settings
 A specification for a secure microprocessor designed to
integrated crypto keys into devices.
 These tiny processors are often found on business PCs
and laptops.
 Some Microsoft Windows operating systems support
TPM based encryption.
 It is an added hardware layer that is combined with
software techniques to thoroughly secure your machine.
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Exit Options
“Exit Without Saving”
 Restarts the machine.
 No changes are accepted.
“Save and Exit” (Almost always F10 as a shortcut key)
 Applies your changes.
 Restarts the machine.
“Restore (Optimized) Defaults”
 Reads from the chip to find a default set of
values.
 Applies those values.
 Restarts the machine.
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Overclocking
 The process of setting an electronic device to operate at
frequencies higher than originally intended.
 Many motherboards, CPUs, GPUs, and memory modules
support overclocking.
 CPU Overclocking (OC) is the most common.
 Chipset and RAM OC are also very common.
 GPU OC is often done from within the OS not the BIOS or
UEFI.
AMD sets an OC world record!
(2013)
(Click to watch video)
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Flash Utility
ONLY UPDATE/UPGRADE IF NECESSARY!!
 If your computer is having trouble, and the updated files
hint at a possible fix then update.
 If the new file has features that you want to use, and you
can’t use them without the update then update.
What is the Flash Process?
 The process through which an Electronically Erasable
Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM) or Flash
NAND devices are cleared and then rewritten.
 Most BIOS or UEFI have a flash utility built in to them.
 Must have downloaded .bin or .ROM file from
manufacturer’s web site to proceed.
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