Transcript Lesson 3 - dkerby.com.

Inside your
computer
Hardware Review
 Motherboard
 Processor / CPU
 Bus
 Bios chip
 Memory
 Hard drive
 Video Card
 Sound Card
 Monitor/printer
 Ports
Software
 Software = Computer Program = Instructions
 Allow you to use your computer
 Without software, the computer is useful as a
planter
Computer memory
 BIOS (flash memory)
 Read Only Memory (ROM)
 Random Access Memory (RAM)
 chips on motherboard
 open files
 Virtual (part of your OS)
 pagefile.sys
 Video
 graphics and games
Memory facts
 Stored in KB (kilobytes), MB (megabytes), GB
(gigabytes), TB (terabytes)
 One MB ~ 1 million memory locations
 A memory location (byte) stores one character
 So, 512 MB will store about 512 million characters.
 One MB can store about 500 pages of text
information
Booting order
 BIOS
 Operating System
 Windows or Linux
 OS X on an Apple
 UNIX on a Sun station
 Utilities
 AntiVirus software
 Internet security
 Application software
BIOS
 Stores date and time
 Basic hardware settings
 Memory and hard drive info
 Disk boot order
 Boot password
 Etc.
BIOS entry screen
BIOS boot disk setup
BIOS advanced setup
BIOS
 More info
Operating System
 Loads drivers (small software applications)
to run all the hardware in your computer
 Video drivers
 Printer drivers
 Mouse and keyboard drivers
 Etc.
Operating Systems
 Windows Products
 Linux.org
 Apple Software
 Unix
Using Software
 When you open an application, memory must
be used to store the program that’s running
and the file you have open.
 Open files are stored in RAM chips.
 Physical chips
 Temporary storage of files and instructions
 When files are too big to fit in RAM, the
excess goes to Virtual Memory (on the hard
drive).
 The video is stored in Video memory, often in
special chips on the Video card.
Creating Files
 Sometimes you don’t need to save …
 Listing to music
 Playing games
 Surfing the Net
 When you do need to save a file, you must
select a storage device.
 In this class, you will save to your number;
your personal drive on the school network.
 At home, you probably save to the C drive; the
hard disk in your computer.
Storage devices
 Can be internal or external
 Measured in:
 Size (MB, GB, TB)
 Speed (mHz)
 Hard drive (contains disk)
 Floppy
 CD/DVD
 Flash – static devices (no moving
parts)
Inside your
computer