Transcript Chapter_1
Computer Basics
Section
A
CHAPTER
PARSONS/OJA
1
Computer,
Internet, and
Network
Basics
Computer Concepts 5th Edition
Parsons/Oja
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Chapter
1
Computer, Internet, and Network Basics
Chapter PREVIEW
After this chapter, you should be able to:
Describe the functions of a computer system
Identify the components of a personal
computer system
Contrast operating systems and application
software
Describe Internet communications and basic
features
Explain how an e-mail system works
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Chapter
1
Section A
Computer Basics
What are the functions of a computer
system?
(1) accepts data as input, (2) processes data, (3) stores data,
4) produces output
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Chapter
1
Section A
Computer Basics
What is a personal computer system?
A personal computer system consists of the
following:
Input devices
Processing devices
Storage devices
Output devices
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Chapter
1
Section A
Computer Basics
What is a personal computer system?
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Chapter
Section A
Computer Basics
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Input
Input provides data for the computing system
Words in a document
Numbers for a calculation
Pictures
Automation
Scanners
EDI
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Input
Voice Recognition
Problems
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Processing
Processing is the way that a computer
manipulates data
performing calculations
sorting lists and numbers
drawing graphs
A computer processes data in a device called the
central processing unit (CPU)
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Chapter
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Section A
Computer Basics
Data, Information, and Files
Data is defined as the symbols, raw facts or
figures that represent people, events, things and
ideas
Information is data that is presented in a format
people can understand and use to make
decisions
Computers store data in digital format as a
series of 1s and 0s.
Each 1 or 0 is called a bit
Eight bits is called a byte
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Output
Computer output is the results produced by the
computer
reports
documents
music
graphs
pictures
An output device displays, prints or transmits the
results of processing
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Computer Basics
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Storage
A computer stores data so that it will be available
for processing
Memory is an area of a computer that holds data
that is waiting to be processed and for later use
Temporary
Storage is the area where data can be left on a
permanent basis
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Section A
Computer Basics
A computer stores data in files, right?
A file is a named collection of data that exists on a storage
medium
A data file contains data such as the text for a document
Generally what you create
An executable file contains the programs or instructions
that tell a computer how to perform a specific task
A filename extension describes a file’s contents
EXE
GIF
Back-up of computer files
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Chapter
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Section A
Computer Basics
What is a peripheral device?
A peripheral device designates equipment that
might be added to a computer to enhance its
functionality
Printer
Digital camera
Scanner
Joystick
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Chapter
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Section A Computer Basics
Application Software and Operating
Systems Basics
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Chapter
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Computer Basics
What is application software?
Application software is a set of computer
programs that helps a person carry out a task
Create, edit, and print documents
Manage money accounts
Create and edit home movies
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Computer Basics
Is an operating system some type of
application software?
An operating system is essentially the master
controller for all activities that take place within a
computer
Acts as a “go between” for application
software and hardware
Why you know the name Bill Gates
Does this give Microsoft an advantage in
developing application software???
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What are the most popular operating
systems?
Microsoft Windows
Microsoft Antitrust case
Microsoft required computer makers to install
Internet Explorer if they wanted to use
Windows 95
• Designed to eliminate Netscape Navigator??
Federal judge ruled Microsoft was a monopoly
and was abusing this power
Thankfully (for Microsoft) Bush was elected
President and settlement was negotiated
EU
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What are the most popular operating
systems?
Mac OS
Why you can’t run application software
designed for Windows on a Mac
Linux
Free operating system
• Stable
• Uses hardware efficiently
• Threat to Microsoft’s stranglehold on operating
systems?
Unix
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How does an operating system affect
compatibility?
Two of the most important factors that influence
compatibility and define a computer’s platform
are the microprocessor and the operating system
Wintel
• Intel: microprocessors
• Windows is the primary operating system
• As a result, Microsoft and Intel have an
extraordinary amount of clout in the computer
industry
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Chapter
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Section B
Internet Basics
User ID’s and Passwords
A user ID: characters that becomes a person’s
unique identifier
A password: is a different series of characters
that verifies your identity
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Passwords
What not to use
any form of any name
any or part of your user id
phone number, birthday or anniversary
license plate, social security or any number
any word
less than six characters
•
software to crack passwords
Computer Concepts 5th Edition
Parsons/Oja
Passwords
What to use
easy to remember
at least six characters
can be typed quickly
combination of letters, numbers, symbols
•
3nu$7%
Computer Concepts 5th Edition
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Passwords
Creating easy and secure passwords
an acronym, e.g. IlBUS1950!
the first letters and numbers of a sentence.
•
•
ImtTi1978.
I moved to Texas in 1978.
choose two short words and combine them
with a punctuation character
•
eiu+cold
Computer Concepts 5th Edition
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Passwords
Don’t…
write it down
check “Remember my password”
use simple reminders
Do…
Change your password every two months
Create different passwords for different types of
accounts
• Low security: WebCT
• High security: Online banking
Computer Concepts 5th Edition
Parsons/Oja
Chapter
1
Section B
Internet Basics
What sort of resources does the
Internet provide?
Web Sites –corporations, stores, magazines, and
more
Domain names www.ford.com
Not incredibly expensive
First come, first served www.isu.edu
mcgradyproperties.com
Cybersquatting
McDonalds.com
Lawsuits
• Reynolds.com
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Chapter
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Section C
Web Basics
Search Engines
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Search engines
Search engines
Individual
Meta
Database of web pages
Searches
Spiders (bots) crawl through links
Index words on public web pages
Web page owners can submit pages
Searching index, not all of web!!
Computer Concepts 5th Edition
Parsons/Oja
Some web page owners pay
to have their pages shown
when you search for
“commercial” topics
Search engines
Search engines
Individual
Searches
Limit searches to improve relevance
Chicago Bears
“ChicagoCubs”
“Chicago Cubs”, + losers
Cardinals, + winners
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Meta
Database of web pages
Chapter
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Section C
Web Basics
How do I use a form to find
information?
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Search engines
Search engines
Individual
Meta
Topic Directory
Database of web pages
Multiple search engines
Hierarchy of topics
google.com
dogpile.com
yahoo.com
Only 60% overlap in
search engine content
Computer Concepts 5th Edition
Parsons/Oja
When should you
use Yahoo instead
of a search
engine??
E-Mail
Use bcc: to
quickly send
messages to
multiple
“significant
others”???
Sending E-mail
cc:
bcc:
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E-Mail
Responding to E-mail
Forward
Reply
Reply All
Responding to group messages
Computer Concepts 5th Edition
Parsons/Oja
If you reply to a
message from
the class
listserv (the
class e-mail
list), who will
receive your
reply???
E-MAIL
Should you
keep 472
messages in
your In Box???
Managing E-mail
Move messages from your In-Box
Use folders
Delete messages you don’t move
Empty trash
Storage limits
Computer Concepts 5th Edition
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E-MAIL
Should you respond
to junk mail
messages to
unsubscribe from
mailing lists???
Managing E-mail
Spam
Unsolicited commercial e-mail to multiple recipients
Unsubscribe??
Block Sender/Filters?? (BUS 1950)
Get a junk e-mail account
Computer Concepts 5th Edition
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E-MAIL
Should
employers
monitor e-mail
E-mail privacy
messages of their
employees???
Donnelleys
Sending electronic postcard
Arcola
Some employers monitor e-mail
Plaintiffs attorneys love e-mail
Prosecuting attorneys love e-mail
Bank of America
Computer Concepts 5th Edition
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Microsoft
Merrill
Lynch
Chapter
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Section D
E-mail Basics
What’s an e-mail attachment?
An e-mail attachment is a file that travels with a
message to the recipient
Easy way to send a virus
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