Transcript Foundations of Technology

Operating System
Zoo
ITFN 2601
Developing OS
Ch 1.1 – 1.3
Today’s Schedule
What is an O/S?
 What is Computer System?
 Types of O/S
 History of O/S

Assignment #1 is posted,
Due Wed., Jan 17, at 11:30 pm
Teams looked at OS functions
Figure 1.1: Model of a non-networked operating system
Backup …
Where is OS in Computer System?
A computer system consists of
 hardware
 system
programs
 application programs
O/S Placement
User
Applications (Word, IE, Games, etc.)
Low-level apps (compilers, interpreters, editors)
Machine
Operating System
Machine Language (Binary)
Microarchitecture (processor-level)
Physical Devices (Hardware)
OS Defined

Extended Machine
 Service
provider for hardware
 Abstracts the details of the machine
 Provides an API (system calls) to user

Resource Manager
 Multiple
users, multiple resources
 Orderly, controlled allocation of resources
 Fairness, protection, space-time, etc.
 Each program gets time with the resource
 Each program gets space on the resource
Flavors of OS
Mainframe
 Server
 Multiprocessor
 Personal Computer
 Real-Time
 Embedded
 Smart Card

Mainframe OS

High-end I/O capacity
 1000+
disks
 Gigabytes of data
High-end web servers
 B2B (business to business) E-commerce
 High-speed VR/FMV Rendering
 Many small, simultaneous jobs

Server OS
Large personal computers (kahuna,
zidane, etc.)
 Print, file servers for small businesses
 Web servers
 Can load balance these to increase
performance
 UNIX, Linux, Win2000 Server OS

Multiprocessor OS
Connect multiple computers together
 Share/distribute jobs among multiple
machines/processors
 Specialized protocols for managing
communication
 Win2000 Advanced Server

Personal Computer OS
Focus on single user, multiple jobs
 What you’re running on your machine
 Win9x, Win2000 Pro, Linux, Mac OS

Real-Time OS
Time requirement dominates these
machines’ specs
 Data collection from production lines,
factory machinery
 Hard real-time: time critical in all instances
 Soft real-time:
OK to drop occasionally

Embedded OS
Personal Digital Assistants
 TVs, microwaves, mobile phones
 Very small OS, embedded on chip
 PalmOS, WinCE

Smart Card OS
Credit card sized devices
 Specialized OS for specialized purposes
 E-payment cards (e-cash cards)
 Some JVM coming into play

Historical Development of
Operating Systems
•Follows H/W and S/W
development
•User needs
History of Operating Systems

First generation 1945 – 1955
 vacuum

tubes, plug boards
Second generation 1955 - 1965
 transistors,

Third generation 1965 – 1980
 ICs

batch systems
and multiprogramming
Fourth generation 1980 – present
 personal
computers
Why look at History?
Each new computing species seems to go
through the development of its ancestors.
 Programming Languages
 Operating Systems
 Disk Storage
 Virtual Memory
Team makes timeline of one!

First generation 1945 – 1955 (Team 1)
 vacuum

tubes, plug boards
Second generation 1955 – 1965 (Team 2)
 transistors,

batch systems
Third generation 1965 – 1980
and multiprogramming (Team 3 p 9-10 “360”)
(Team 4 p 10-11 Multics) (Team 5 p 12 -13)
 ICs

Fourth generation 1980 – present
 personal
computers (Team 6 p 13-15 to Steve Jobs)
(Team 7 p 15 -16 When MS, pargh 3)
For your homework,
Metric Units, Page 66 in text
The metric prefixes
Assignment
for Tuesday, January 16

Read Chapter 1,
1.4 – 1.5
 Sections 1.9, 1.10, 1.11
 Sections
Assignment #1 is posted,
Due Wed., Jan 17, at 11:30 pm
 Bring questions for discussion
