Transcript Bulacan Polytechnic College Students

Central Processing Unit
LECTURE #2
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
Introduction
The Central Processing Unit
(CPU) or the processor is the
portion of a computer system that
carries out the instructions of a
computer program, and is the
primary element carrying out the
computer’s functions.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
The Central Processing Unit
(CPU) or the processor is is the
brains of the computer. It is the
most important component in
determining how fast or 'snappy'
the system will operate across
applications both now and in the
near future.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
The processor can be considered as an
analogue to what an engine is to an
automobile, for -- like the engine -- the
processor can be fast, slow, power
hungry or power efficient subject to the
kind of work the computer is being
considered for. It is important to round
out what kind of things you will be doing
on the system to best select a computer
with a CPU most suitable to your needs.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
Unlike other components of a notebook
computer, the CPU is -- with rare
exception -- a fixed component. This is
in contrast to RAM and hard disk
storage which can typically be
upgraded.
Therefore,
another
consideration is the fact that
(important as the CPU is) the CPU you
choose will be the same throughout
the life of the system.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
This implies that as programs
become more sophisticated, the
computer's ability to handle such
programs will be directly affected by
the decision made at purchase all
that time ago. This choice may mean
the difference between a system
that is useful for another year or two
versus one that isn't -- much sooner.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
As a final consideration in choosing
a CPU is the suggested or minimum
requirements
of
either
the
programs that is planning on being
run, or academic department
recommendations as a guide as to
the relative kind of performance
required for a particular field of
study.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
MICROPROCESSOR
A microprocessor is an integrated circuit on
a tiny silicon chip that contains thousands
or millions of tiny on/off switches, known
as transistors. The transistors are laid out
along microscopic lines made of superfine
traces of aluminum that store or
manipulate data. These circuits manipulate
data in certain patterns, patterns that can
be programmed by software to make
machines do many useful tasks.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
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Pin Grid Array, Land Grid Array and
Ball Grid Array
PIN GRID ARRAY
A pin grid array, often abbreviated PGA, is a
type of integrated circuit packaging. In a PGA,
the package is square or roughly square and the
pins are arranged in a regular array on the
underside of the package. The pins are
commonly spaced 2.54 mm (0.1") apart, and
may or may not cover the entire underside of
the package.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
PIN GRID ARRAY
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
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Pin Grid Array, Land Grid Array and
Ball Grid Array
Land grid array
The land grid array (LGA) is a type of surfacemount packaging for integrated circuits (ICs)
that is notable for having the pins on the socket
rather than the integrated circuit. An LGA can
be electrically connected to a printed circuit
board (PCB) either by the use of a socket or by
soldering directly to the board.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
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Pin Grid Array, Land Grid Array and
Ball Grid Array
Land Grid Array is a packaging technology
with a square grid of contacts on the
underside of a package. The contacts are to
be connected to a grid of contacts on the
PCB. Not all rows and columns of the grid
need to be used. The contacts can either be
made by using an LGA socket, or by using
solder-paste.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
LAND GRID ARRAY
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
Pin Grid Array, Land Grid Array and
Ball Grid Array
Ball Grid Array (BGA)
The BGA is descended from the Pin Grid Array
(PGA), which is as package with one face covered
(or partly covered) with pins in a grid pattern.
These pins conduct electrical signals from the IC to
the PCB on which it is placed. The pins are replaced
by balls of solder stuck to the bottom of the
package.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
Ball Grid Array (BGA)
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Therefore:
LGA packaging is related to Ball Grid Array (BGA)
and Pin Grid Array (PGA) packaging. Unlike pin
grid arrays, land grid array packages are
designed to fit both in a socket or be soldered
down using surface mount technology. PGA
packages cannot be soldered down using surface
mount technology. In contrast with a BGA, land
grid array packages need solder paste before
they can be soldered down. BGA packages have
solder-balls as their contacts, and are soldered
down without solder-paste.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
PC Processor Fundamentals
1. The Processor and PC Performance
The processor is only one of the components
that determine system performance.
Although bleeding-edge processors cost a
lot
more
than
currently
available
processors, the performance improvement
they provide may be only marginal. The
amount of memory, memory speed, bus
speed, hard drive speed, and video
performance often play a much greater part
in the over-all performance of a PC.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
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PC Processor Fundamentals
2. Clock Speed
Clock speed is the speed at which
a CPU moves data through its
internal architecture and the
speed at which it executes
instruction. A higher clock speed
enables a processor to perform
the CPU to generate more heat.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
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PC Processor Fundamentals
2. Clock Speed
 One of the most common things you’ll see when
looking at CPU specifications is the processor’s
clock speed, measured in gigahertz (GHz), with
1GHz being equal to 1 billion hertz or cycles per
second.
 This means that a 1GHz processor is able to carry
out 1 billion calculations every second. As a
general rule of thumb a processor with a higher
clock speed is more powerful than one with a
lower clock speed.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
PC Processor Fundamentals
3.Cache Size
The instruction and date used by a
processor are stored in devices call RAM
in the computers main memory. Main
memory is large and slow, so to improve
performance, a smaller quick access
storage buffer, called a “cache”, is
placed between main memory and the
processor
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
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PC Processor Fundamentals
3.Cache Size

When doing some deeper research
on different CPUs, you may come across
cache, measured in kilobytes (KB) or
megabytes (MB).
This is a place where the most
frequently used data is stored so that it
is quickly accessible by the processor.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
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PC Processor Fundamentals
3.Cache Size

Most recent CPUs have at least 2 levels
of cache (L1 and L2), with newer and
more powerful ones having a third level
(L3). L1 is the fastest but smallest level of
cache, whereas the higher levels tend to
have much higher quantities but are
slower (although still faster than accessing
the data from the RAM).
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PC Processor Fundamentals
4. Fabrication Size
The size features like transistor on a chip
are measured in nm(nanometers), a
nanometer being one billionth of a meter.
The size of the smallest feature that the
manufacturer’s fabrication process can
etch onto the surface of a semiconductor
wafer is called the fabrication or process
size
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
PC Processor Fundamentals
5. Cores
 A processor was made faster by increasing
that core’s clock speed.
 The disadvantage to this was that higher
clock speeds generated much more heat,
leading to massive, noisy heatsinks.
 It eventually reached the stage where it
was simply infeasible to keep increasing
the clock speed.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
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PC Processor Fundamentals
5. Cores
 The solution was to create a processor with
two cores – that is, a single processor with
two smaller, lower speed processing units
which can carry out different instructions.
 The benefit in this is obvious – why force a
single unit harder and harder to do lots of
things at once when you can split the work
between two slightly less capable units?
Many hands make light work, as they say.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
PC Processor Fundamentals
5. Cores
The first generations of dual core
processors – the Intel Celeron D and
AMD Athlon 64 X2 families, for
example – weren’t much more
efficient than their single-cored
predecessors. In fact, before the
technology
was
perfected
they
generated more heat than ever.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
PC Processor Fundamentals
6. CPU Heatsinks
 With all the work that the CPU does in such a
small space it’s not surprising that they tend
to generate a lot of heat. Of course, this heat
has to go somewhere – if the CPU gets too hot
it’ll be damaged and won’t work anymore.
 The heatsink uses levers or screws to keep the
heatsink pressed tightly against the CPU. A
tiny amount of thermal paste between the
two removes absolutely all the gaps.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
PC Processor Fundamentals
6. CPU Heatsinks
 Heat is then transferred from the surface of the
CPU’s heat spreader to the heatsink via
conduction. The heat spreads throughout the
heatsink out to the edges of the heatsink, which
are split into lots of thin fins. This greatly
increases the surface area of the heatsink so
when the fan on top blows down it pushes cooler
air over the hot fins, taking heat away from the
heatsink.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
PC Processor Fundamentals
6. CPU Heatsinks
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
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PC Processor Fundamentals
7. CPU coolers
 These tend to be much bigger, providing many more
fins and a much, much larger surface area for the
heat to be transferred away from the heatsink.
 A bigger heatsink also means that it can carry a
larger fan which can spin slower to move the same
amount of air, thus creating next noise.
 To move the heat faster after-market coolers tend to
use more heat pipes, which use liquids to transfer
heat faster to the far ends of the heatsink.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
PC Processor Fundamentals
7. CPU coolers / CPU Fan
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
Currently, the two largest manufacturers of
CPUs in the world are Intel and AMD. The
current performance and market leader at
the time of this writing is Intel, which is the
only processor available in all current Apple
computers (Macbook, Macbook Pro, Mini,
iMac etc.). Intel's most current crop of CPUs
are the Core i3, Core i5, and Core i7 while
AMD's top offering is the Phenom II.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
Though AMD is not the market leader, many
of their products are found in high
performance, budget-oriented notebook and
custom desktop builds as well as low-cost
enthusiast-oriented desktops. AMD's highest
performance processors however, have not
yet been available for mobile platforms as
Intel's Core iX series are at the time of this
writing.
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
The relative differences in performance
between competing product lines within
Intel's and AMD's offerings are organize by
the following classes: high-end, mid-range
and economy. It is important to note that
these comparisons give a quick visual
reference
as
to
relative
absolute
performance across these three categories
but does not necessarily indicate absolute
rankings between the Intel and AMD products
within those categories.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
For instance, the Core i7 is on the same row
in as the Phenom II series but offers superior
general performance. ). Further, the Core iX
Mobile series only indicate relative
performance
for
notebook-oriented
platforms (they are the highest performance
mobile CPUs to date); it is not useful to
compare them to a desktop-class processors
such as the Intel Core i7 or the Phenom II
series.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
HIGH-END PROCESSORS
INTENSIVE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS, PROFESIONAL
VIDEO/AUDIO CREATION AND ADVANCED 3D GRAPHICS
Intel Core i7
As Intel's newest flagship processor, the i7 is a 64-bit processor offering 2,
4, or 6 cores of the highest levels of performance available. The i7
combines Hyper Threading and Turbo Boost technologies for the most
demanding and advanced of applications.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
HIGH-END PROCESSORS
Intel’s Core i7
Core i7 is a family of Intel quad core
processors, that is, they have four processors
on a single silicon chip.. Released in
November 2008, the Core i7 is based on the
“nehalem” microarchitecture, which uses as
45 nanometer manufacturing process codenamed “Penryn”
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
HIGH-END PROCESSORS
Intel’s Core i7
Identifier
Clock Speed
Core i7-920
2.66 GHz
Core i7-940
2.92 GHz
Core i7-965 Extreme Edition
3.20 GHz
Core i7 – 975 Extreme Edition
3.33 GHz
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
HIGH-END PROCESSORS
Intel Core i7 Mobile
Intel's Core i7 Mobile features unparalleled
performance on notebooks, incorporating
significant power savings while implementing
the same features as the non-mobile i7, Hyper
Threading and Turbo Boost. The i7 Mobile is
available on notebooks with 2 or 4 cores;
currently the 4 core version offers higher
performance in some respects but heat and
battery life are concerns.
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
HIGH-END PROCESSORS
AMD Phenom II X6
AMD's Phenom II X6 represents
the
industry's first consumer class
sixcore processor. The X6 offers
the highest
levels of performance
ideal for the most intensive of tasks bolstered by AMD's new Turbo Core
technology; the X6 is able to optimize
performance in a variety of situations.
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
HIGH-END PROCESSORS
Intel Core i5
Based upon the same architecture as the
i7, the i5 is also a 64-bit processor that
features 2 or 4 cores at a similar class of
performance of the i7 processor at a
lower cost. The i5 features Turbo Boost
and Hyper-Threading technology but do
not possess as much cache memory as the
i7.
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
HIGH-END PROCESSORS
Intel Core
i5 Mobile
The Intel Core i5 Mobile while also
featuring Hyper Threading and Turbo
Boost possesses a similar but lesser class
of performance than the Core i7 Mobile A
Jwith less cache and available in
notebooks only with 2 cores. The i5 Mobile
is a high performance processor with low
energy requirements.
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
HIGH-END PROCESSORS
AMD
Phenom II X4
AMD's latest generation of consumer
class 4 core processors, the quadcore Phenom II X4 chips are designed
to deliver performance ideal for all
kinds of multimedia as well as in the
most demanding of applications such
as virtualization.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
HIGH-END PROCESSORS
Intel Core i3
Derived from the same architecture as the
higher end i5 and i7, the i3 is available
strictly as a dual core processor. Though
Hyper Threading is available, it does not
feature TurboBoost. The Core i3 processor
presents higher levels of performance
than the Core 2 at a smaller cost.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
HIGH-END PROCESSORS
Intel Core
i3 Mobile
The Intel Core i3 Mobile descends
similarly from the i3, presenting a fast,
64-bit computing experience with the
intelligent architecture of the i5 Mobile
and i7 Mobile. The i3 Mobile features 2
cores and Hyper Threading but does not
include Turbo Boost technology.
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
HIGH-END PROCESSORS
AMD Phenom II
X3 and X2
AMD's Phenom X3 and X2 processors
boast 3 or 2 cores that offer
excellent performance value; great
for all around usage on a small
budget all while utilizing AMD's latest
architecture technology seen in the
Phenom II X4 series
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
HIGH-END PROCESSORS
Intel Core 2 Quad
The Core 2 Quad features 4
processing cores to optimize gaming,
video, and image processing. Built on
the same architecture as the Core 2
Duo, this processor excels on multitasking with performance hungry
applications.
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
HIGH-END PROCESSORS
Intel Core 2 Extreme
Available in both 2 and 4 core versions,
distinguishing features of the Extreme
series include higher bus speeds than
the non-extreme versions, and an
unlocked clock multiplier for further
customization of your computing
performance.
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
HIGH-END PROCESSORS
Intel Core 2
Extreme
The Core 2 Extreme, designed for
extreme power required by users
such
as
high-end
graphics
professionals, runs at a clock speed
of 2.93 GHz for the X6800 chip.
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
MID-RANGE PROCESSORS
SPEED AND MULTI-TASKING, ADOBE CREATIVE SUITE, ALL
AROUND USE, BASIC 3D GRAPHICS
Intel Core 2 Duo
Contains two processing cores to
optimize gaming, video, and image
processing. Laptops with this chip
tend to be thinner and and more
energy-efficient.
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
MID-RANGE PROCESSORS
SPEED AND MULTI-TASKING, ADOBE CREATIVE SUITE, ALL
AROUND USE, BASIC 3D GRAPHICS
Intel Core 2 Duo
The Core 2 architecture is a dual core design, having
two cores integrated on a single die. The dual cores use
a 65 nm manufacturing process to put 291 million
transistor on a 143 square mm die. Each core has its
own separate 64KB L1 cache that’s divided into a 32 KB
instruction cache and 32 KB data cache. The two cores
share an L2 cache that can be either 2MB or 4MB.
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
MID-RANGE PROCESSORS
AMD Phenom I X3
And Phenom I X4
AMD's first generation of consumer class
processors featuring quad and triple core
performance found in desktop builds.
Features 64-bit computing performance as
well as AMD's HyperTransport bus
technology.
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
MID-RANGE PROCESSORS
Intel Pentium
Dual Core
Dual core processor based on the
Core microarchitecture. A class
beneath the Core 2 Duo and Core Duo
of Intel's processor offerings, the
Pentium Dual Core is available in
current desktops and laptops.
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
MID-RANGE PROCESSORS
AMD Turion II Ultra /
AMD Turion II
The Turion II and Turion II Ultra are AMD's
mainstream mobile processor platform; they
provide excellent all-around performance for
multimedia such as high definition video. As
these are often paired with AMD/ATI graphics,
budget
configurations
containing
these
processors are also sufficient for basic 3D
graphics and gaming.
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
MID-RANGE PROCESSORS
Intel Core Duo /
Intel Core Solo
The Intel Core Duo and Core Solo are
dual and single core processors based
on the Core microarchitecture. The
Core Duo and Core Solo offers modest
performance for office and limited
multimedia oriented tasks.
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
MID-RANGE PROCESSORS
AMD Athlon II X2
The AMD Athlon II X2 is a 2 core
desktop processor that is 80% faster
than it's single core counterpart.
Great for multitasking and
multimedia consumption on a budget.
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
ECONOMY PROCESSORS
Internet browsing, E-mail, Microsoft
Office, Simple Graphics and Games
Intel Centrino/
Centrino Duo
A mobile-oriented processor based upon Pentium M or
Core Duo architectures; the Centrino also integrates
wireless networking technology allowing for smaller
sized laptops. Offers slight performance boost over
simply choosing a core duo and dell wireless card (which
is typically less expensive.)
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
ECONOMY PROCESSORS
AMD Sempron
The AMD Sempron is a budget class
processor seen in low cost notebooks
and desktops and are considered a
class
above
netbook/nettop
processors such as the Intel Atom or
the AMD Neo platforms.
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
ECONOMY PROCESSORS
AMD Sempron
The Sempron replaced the Duron as AMD’s
budget processor. It comes in two socket
types, socket A (socket 462) which is the
same type by Duron and Athlon XP, and
socket 754, the same type used by some
Athlon 64 processors
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AMD Sempron Processor Models
Designation
2200 +
2300+
2400+
2500+
2600+
2800+
3100+
Frequency
1.5 GHz
1.583 GHz
1.667 GHz
1.750 GHz
1.833 GHz
2.0 GHz
1.8 GHz
Socket
A
A
A
A
A
A
754
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
ECONOMY PROCESSORS
Intel Atom
Primarily found in netbooks and nettops, this
processor has been designed with price and
power consumption in mind. As a result, it offers
much less processing power than other current
Intel alternatives. This processor is available in
1 or 2 cores, with the single core option being
far more prevalent.
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
ECONOMY PROCESSORS
AMD Athlon 64
AMD’s Athlon 64 processor, released
in September 2003, was their first 64bit processor targeted for the
workstation market to compete with
Intel’s Pentium 4.
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
ECONOMY PROCESSORS
AMD Athlon 64
Athlon 64’s that used Socket 754 had
the
single-channel
memory
controller. Those that used Socket
939 had the dual channel memory
controller.
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
ECONOMY PROCESSORS
AMD Athlon 64
AMD’s Athlon 64 processors also come in
X2 and FX versions, both of which have
dual 64-bit cores, the FX versions have
their multipliers unlocked for hardware
hackers and gamers.
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
ECONOMY PROCESSORS
AMD Athlon 64 X2
The Athlon 64 X2 is the first dual-core CPU
manufactured by AMD, it is essentially two
Athlon 64 cores on one die joined
together with additional control logic. The
core share one dual channel memory
controller.
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
ECONOMY PROCESSORS
AMD Athlon 64 X2
The Athlon 64 X2’s that use Socket 939
support dual channel DDR SDRAm
memory; PC-3200 (DDR-400), PC 2700
(DDDR-333), PC-2100 (DDR-266) or PC1600 (DDR-200) SDRAM unbuffered DIMMS.
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Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
ECONOMY PROCESSORS
AMD Athlon 64 X2
Ahtlon 64 X2’s that use Socket M2
support dual channel DDR2 SDRAM
memory; PC2-6400(DDR2-800), PC25300 (DDR2- 667), PC2 – 4200 (DDR2533) or PC2-3200 (DDR2-400) SDRAM
unbuffered DIMMSs.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
ECONOMY PROCESSORS
AMD Athlon Neo /
AMD Athlon Neo X2
The Athlon Neo and Neo X2 are single and
dual core processors seen in ultra-mobile
platforms such as netbook and nettops.
They are featured with ATI integrated
graphics for reasonable multimedia
playback performance.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
ECONOMY PROCESSORS
Intel Celeron
Intel's economy model processor. It is the most
basic, and thus the slowest. It has less cache
than other Intel processors, so even if it has the
same Ghz rating as another processor, it will be
slower. We usually do not recommend this
processor because it offers the least in terms of
longevity.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
ECONOMY PROCESSORS
Intel D Celeron
The Celeron processor is a budget processor
offering moderate performance at an affordable
price. This processor is suitable for use in
notebook and desktop computers running homeoffice applications and providing access to the
Internet. It is not be recommended for use in a
high performance game machine or a heavily
accessed web server.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
Product Line Comparison Hierarchy
ECONOMY PROCESSORS
Intel D Celeron
This processor uses either the socket 478 or
the LGA775 Socket. The two socket types are
not interchangeable because the newer 775pin Land Grid Array has no pins on the
processor. Gold Contact pads provide the
connection between the processor and the
socket on the motherboard.
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
Processor Features
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
Processor Features
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
Summary
 Introduction


Processor
Microprocessor
 PC Processors Fundamentals







The processor and PC Performance
Clock Speed
Cache Size
Fabrication Size
Cores
CPU Heatsink
CPU cooler / CPU Fan
 Classes of Processors



High-End Processor
Mid-Range Processor
Economy Processor
 Processors Features


Intel Features
AMD Features
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
END OF LECTURE 2
BE READY FOR YOUR QUIZ …..
All good is hard. All evil is easy.
Dying, Losing, cheating, and
mediocrity is easy.
Stay away from easy.
Good Luck!!!!! Saranghaeyo!
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students
Prepared By: Engr. Rosemarie B. Sibbaluca
Prepared For: Bulacan Polytechnic College Students