Transcript Slide 1

Computer Merit Badge
Merit Badge College
9 Feb 2008
Requirement 1 - Online safety.
Requirement 1 – Discuss with your counselor
the tips for online safety.
Requirement 1 - Online safety.
• Kidnapping/Violence Safety
Internet kidnap warning
Financial Times - Jan 1, 2007
Parry Aftab, a children's advocate, told
a congressional commission that 3000
children were kidnapped in the US
last year because of online messages
posted ...
Requirement 1 - Online safety.
• Financial Safety
Online fraud costs $2.4 billion a year
Identity Theft: Costs
More, Tech Less
The median actual
dollar loss for identity
theft victims was
$31,356. Identity theft
may be far more costly
to victims than
previously believed…
Identity Theft Victimizes Millions, Costs Billions
About 3.3 million American consumers discovered
within the last year that their personal information had
been used to open fraudulent bank, credit card or utility
accounts, or to commit other crimes, according to the
Federal Trade Commission's first national survey on
identity theft.
The commission, in a report issued today, said these
cases had collectively cost businesses $32.9 billion
and consumers $3.8 billion.
Requirement 1 - Online safety.
• Computer System Safety
Net search virus cost $90 million
ABOUT 5,000 businesses have been
affected by the MyDoom virus which caused
Google to crash this week. According to
mi2g, the British-based security firm, the
worldwide damage of the virus is estimated
to have cost between $85 million and $95
million.
Computer virus cost
skyrockets
The virus billed as the
world's fastest, most
destructive computer
bug spread mutations
Friday, frustrating
computer users and
causing damage that
could reach an estimated
$10 billion worldwide. It
masquerades as
confirmation of a
$326.92 "diamond
special" ordered for
Mother's Day. If the...
Requirement 1 - Online safety.
• Set and follow family computer rules
• Keep & use computer in family room
• Protect your privacy – email address, phone#,
address, school info, picture, passwords, financial info
• Don’t open emails/files from strangers
• Something bad/suspicious tell parents
• Never meet someone from online
Req. 2 – History & impact of computers
Requirement 2
• How has the invention of the computer has
affected society, science, and technology?
• Give a brief history of computers.
Req. 2 – History & impact of computers
• 300 BC – Abacus
• 1617 – Logarithms
• 1632 – Slide Rule
• 1642 Pascaline
http://www.computersciencelab.com/ComputerHistory/History.htm
Req. 2 – History & impact of computers
• 1801 - Jacquard Loom
Req. 2 – History & impact of computers
• 1890 – Hollerith machine
Req. 2 – History & impact of computers
• 1944 - Mark I computer - Harvard/IBM. 1st
programmable digital computer made in the U.S. 5 tons,
500 miles of wire, 8 feet tall & 51 feet long, ran non-stop
for 15 years,
Req. 2 – History & impact of computers
Req. 2 – History & impact of computers
• 1945 – Eniac -20 by 40 foot room, weighed 30 tons,
and used more than 18,000 vacuum tubes
Req. 2 – History & impact of computers
• 1959 – IBM Stretch
Req. 2 – History & impact of computers
• 1970s – IBM Mainframes
Req. 2 – History & impact of computers
• 1970s – IBM Mainframes
Req. 2 – History & impact of computers
beads 300 BC
sticks 1600s
gears 1600s
punched cards 1800s
vacuum tube/relays 1940s
transistors 1960s
Integrated Circuits !!!
Pentium II - 42,000,000
Req. 2 – History & impact of computers
The number of transistors
per integrated circuit
doubles about once every
two years, while the price of
the chip remains the same.
In 1954, a transistor cost
$5.52. By 2004, its price tag
was a billionth of a dollar.
Req. 4 – How it works
# of 32s
# of 16s
# of 8s
# of 4s
# of 2s
# of 1s
4 thousands
# of 64s
4327 =
# of 128s
Decimal & Binary
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
+ 3 hundreds
+ 2 tens
+ 7 ones
One 64 + one 1 = 64 + 1 = 65
Computer Speak
“A” →
65 (ASCII) →
01000001 (Binary) →
Req. 4 – How it works
Req. 4 – How it works
Req. 4 – How it works
Data Storage
Removable Data Storage
1972 - 8”
80kB
2000’s
5,000,000,000 kb
3,500,000 floppies
1978 – 5.25”
800kB
1987 – 3.25”
1440kB
Req. 5 – Programs/Web
Requirement 5 –
Do the following:
a. Explain what a program is and how it is developed.
b. Give three examples of programming languages, and describe their
uses.
c. Name four software packages you or your family could use, and
explain how you would use them.
d. Discuss ways you can help protect a computer from viruses and how
to keep secure information that has been saved on a computer.
e. Describe how computers are linked to form the Internet and the
World Wide Web.
Req. 5 – Programs/Web
A computer
program is a set
of instructions
to the computer
– also referred
to as software.
Req. 5 – Programs/Web
Req. 5 – Programs/Web
Data Storage
Req. 5 – Programs/Web
Programming Languages
•BASIC – educational/home
•Visual BASIC – Windows user software
•Fortran – engineering
•COBOL – business
•Visual Foxpro / SQL Server - database
•C / C++ / C# - technical/math/anything
•Visual C++ – Windows C++ user software
Req. 5 – Programs/Web
Software Packages
•Word – writing documents
•Excel – spreadsheets
•Power Point – presentations
•Photoshop – graphics
•AutoCAD – technical drawings
•Cakewalk / Band in Box – music recording
•MathCAD – math calculation
Req. 5 – Programs/Web
Viruses - Software built to hurt your system
LoveLetter, Klez, Melissa, Magistr, Explorer.zip, Nimda, Benjamin,
Code Red, Sircam
• Don’t open suspicious emails
• Don’t open any email attachments
• Be careful with internet downloads
• Use and regularly update virus protection software
• Backup your files
Req. 5 –
Programs/Web
World Wide Web
•url – web address
•Browser – program to access web
•Html – hypertext markup language
•Hyperlink – a “jump” to another document
Req. 6 – Use software
6. Do THREE of the following:
a. database - create a troop roster
b. spreadsheet - develop a food budget for a campout.
c. word processor - write a letter, use mail merge
d. graphics - draw a campsite plan
e. presentation - at least 10 slides.
f. Internet search engine, ideas about court of honor
g. digital camera - take a picture, put on pc, email
h. computer chip-based devices – describe two