Transcript The Rise of Islam

The Rise of Islam
The
Crescent moon
had become a symbol
for Islam. It is
associated with the
new moon that begins
each month with the
Islamic Lunar
Calendar
Geography
Arabian Peninsula
Hot,
dry, west-coast –
mountains, desert conditions.
How would it affect the
development of society, trade,
economics and culture?
Most
settlements were
on the coast.
Trade by boats
Probably wouldn’t go
through peninsula,
there’s nothing there!
Oasis
– small strip of
fertile land in the
desert
Water was
a luxury!!
Early
Bedouins
people living on
the Arabian Peninsula
Desert nomads who
were organized by
tribes and clans (kinrelated clans)
Shaykhs
– leader of a
Bedouin Tribe
Free
warriors - carried
out dictates of Shaykhs;
families made up
majority of clan
Slave
Families –
remnants of rival clans
defeated in war
Clans
constantly fought
each other over water,
honor, etc.
Mecca
Important
stop along
the trade routes
Location of Ka’aba
Founded by Umayyad
clan of the Ouraysh
tribe house of worship
Ka’aba
House
of worship
Clans would call a truce
(no fighting)
Religious shrine of 360
idols – Allah was
referred by some as
supreme god.
Culture
Poetry
– oral tradition
Role of women – enjoyed
greater freedom and
higher status
Religion – blend of
animism/polytheism (little
to do with ethics)
Muhammad (570-632)
Born
into merchant
family in Mecca
Orphaned
Married a wealthy
widow
Meditated
on
wealthy and poor
Revelations became
his teachings
VS.
Quran
– holy book
Converted people; wife
st
was 1 convert. (slow start)
622CE Moved to Medina
– “city of the prophet”
This journey came to be
known as the Hijrah
630
– Muhammad
returns to Mecca with
his followers and
destroys all of the gods
in the Ka’aba
Madinahs
and
Bedouins = first
community of
Muslims
Military = conquered
The Teachings of Muhammad
Monotheistic
Allah
– supreme creator
Provided hope for afterlife
Muhammad is not divine (as
Jesus is)
To
follow Allah’s will, you
must follow the 5 pillars of
Islam.
What are they?
Islam
is a way of life –
shari’ah – set of practical laws
for daily life