Transcript Indigenous Religions

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God is great. God is great. God is great. God
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I testify that there Is no god other than God.
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
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is great.
I testify that there is no god other than God.
I
witness that Muhammad is the messenger of
God.
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I witness that Muhammad is the messenger of
God.
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Come to prayer. Come to prayer.
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Come to wellbeing. Come to wellbeing.
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God is great. God is great.
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There is no god other than God.
 “There
is no God
but Allah and Muhammad
is his messenger.”
 “We
need the courage to
consult and profit from the
‘wisdom traditions of
mankind.’ ” E. F. Schumacher
“…Muslims see monotheism
as Islam’s contribution not
simply to the Arabs but to
religion in its entirety.”
– Huston Smith
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Caravan
driver/Merchant/Husband/father
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Mystic/author of Quran
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Political leader/warrior
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Prophet/Not another Messiah
◦ The Night of Ascent
 The
word means…
 The
five pillars of Islam
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Creed (shared earlier)
Prayer (5 times each day)
Charity (a percent of income)
Fasting (during daylight hours during Ramadan)
Pilgrimage (once in a lifetime to Mecca)
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Jihad – inner and outer struggle (pg 494)
Hajj
◦ Greater pilgrimage
◦ Lesser pilgrimage
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Mecca – place of pilgrimage
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Kabah – ‘cube’ (pg 440)
◦ Origin? Meaning? Contents?
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Dietary laws
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Prohibitions
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Circumcision
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Gender roles
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Is God’s word for Muslims; “Guide us in the
straight path, the path of those on whom
Thou has poured forth Thy grace.”
Suras (there are 114)
‘Sharia’ shapes daily life and can be used as
a constitution for ‘theocracy’
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Challenged polytheistic nature of religions of
that region at the time
◦ Cleansed Mecca of images, etc.
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Successor for Muhammad unclear
◦ Led to first division (next slide)
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The Battle of Tours – Spain in 732ce
◦ Stopped westward expansion
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Shiite
◦ Succession is heredity (family)
◦ Leaders guided by ‘last Imam’
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Sunni
◦ Tradition based on life and teachings of Muhammad
◦ Political and religious life enjoined
◦ Wahhabi movement (ideal/purity)
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Sufism
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Devotional movement
Experience of God
Consider Muhammad a mystic
99 names of Allah
“Allah is a reality that you have to look for and
discover for yourself”
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Sharia
◦ Theocratic – ‘the rule of God’
◦ Commands of God/good for humans
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Two philosophical views
◦ Liberal view (values reason)
◦ Conservative view (values intellectual submission)
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Architecture
◦ Mosque
 Value of empty space
 Minarets
◦ ‘Space’ is important symbol of God
◦ Balance in colors
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Paradise
◦ Oasis or enclosed garden
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Secularism
◦ Turkey OR Saudi Arabia
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Malcolm X
◦ Islam For African Americans
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Role of women
◦ Modesty
◦ Covering of hair
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Terms to know
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Hajj
Imam
Jihad
Kabah
Qur’an
Ramadan
Sharia