Transcript The Middle East - Banning Athletics

The Middle East
The Middle East
What do you know ?
Oldest Cities in the World
7 of the 12 oldest cities in
the World are in the Middle
East
Project Middle East
Present in class
Story set in the Middle East
• You will write a fictional story set in the
Middle East. The story is fictional but must
be based in reality. Use common names of
the Middle East. Make sure I know where the
story is being set and what year it is. Make
sure your story is distinct to the Middle East.
Example in class (100 points)
Oldest City
Gaziantep, Turkey
5,600 Years Old
Theft Rate
(per 100,000)
United States 4697
Israel
4113
Libya
270
Lebanon
172
Jordan
149
Other ME Countries under
129
Sex Offenses (100,000)
Kuwait
60
Israel
48
U.S.
35
Qatar
30
Saudi Arabia 19
Turkey
6
Murder Rate (100,000)
Lebanon
19.2
United States 7.9
Jordan
2.7
Syria
2.2
Israel
1.8
Qatar
1.7
Crime Rate (100,000)
Israel
6,005
U.S
5,031
Egypt
2378
Jordan
629
Kuwait
575
Lebanon 489
Qatar
212
Saudi Arabia 25
The Ancient Middle
East
10,000 Years Ago Most People
Bedouins
(Nomads- Move from place to place)
What decreased the Bedouin
population ? What would make
people stay in one place ?
Irrigation which led to Farming
People begin to stay in one place,
cities form.
Egyptian Religion
King and God equals at the top
Nice Afterlife for those who obey
Pyramids
Hieroglyphics ( How we know
what they thought)
Religion dominates life 6000-1500 B.C.
Why did people turn to
religion ?
Explanations
Little – no science
Hammurabi’s Code
King of Babylon (1792-1750 b.c.)
Code of do’s and don’ts
Different Laws for different people
Marriage and Divorce
Key : “Eye for and Eye”
Steal = Hand Cut off
Homework 1
Hammurabi’s Code
(An Eye for an Eye)
1) Explain the code
2) Give your opinion on the
idea behind the code
3) Should the code be
followed today here in the
United States ?
Islam (570-600)
Muhammad
Quran or Koran
Mecca - Jerusalem - Medina
(Muslims)
The Five Pillars
of Islam
The Giving of Alms
Charity
Belief in One God and the
Muhammad is the Prophet
Allah = God
Pilgrimage to Mecca
Pray Five Times a Day Facing
Mecca
Fasting in the 9th Month of
Ramadan
Other Muslim Rules
No Eating of Pork
Drinking of Liquor
No Gambling
What else do Muslim’s believe
From the Quran
Islam as a System of Government
• All power belongs to God
• Government protects religion
(unlike U.S.)
• Muhammad’s followers prepared
law based on his teachings
The Four Caliphs
1st Caliph = Muhammad’s Friend
Caliph leads Islamic State
Jihad = Holy War
4th Caliph = Ali (Muhammad’s
Son in Law)
Shi’i and Sunni
Muslims
Shi’I, Shiite,Shi’ite
Shi’i
Believe Ali is the Ruler
Islamic Leaders godlike
Leader now = Ayatollah
Iraq, Iran, Lebanon
Sunni
Koran is Authority
Leaders teach Muhhamad’s
Teachings
Friendlier with U.S.
Saudi Arabia, Kuwait
Islam Spreads until 732
Middle East, N.Africa, Spain
The Battle of Tours
Charles “The Hammer” Martel
French Leader
Stops spread in Europe
Probably a reason we are not
primarily Muslim
Abbasid Empire
Increased trade
750-1258
Ottoman Turks Rule Region
1300’s - 1900’s
20th Century Middle East
Ottoman Turks in Decline
German Influence
Rule over Iraq,Syria,
Palestine, Israel, Jordan,
Saudi Arabia,Yemen Libya
Zionist Movement
Theodore Herzel’s Jewish State
80,000 Jews in Palestine by 1914
World War I
Turks with Germans
British (Lawrence) drive out
Turks from most of Middle
East
Treaty of Versailles
British and France divide
up the Middle East
Saudi Arabia
Ibn Saud unites Arab tribes
From poor to rich when Oil is
found
Hand Chopped off for
Stealing “Eye for an Eye”
World War II
The Holocaust
6 Million Jews tortured and killed
United Nations formed
The Israeli Revolution
United Nations takes over
world decision making
UN wants to divide Palestine
1948 - Israel Proclaimed
British leave Palestine
Arabs invade
Jews win battle
Israel
Western Style Government
Democracy
Law of Return (any Jew)
The Suez Battle of 1956
Egypt under Nasser takes
Suez Canal from British and
French
UN Stops activity, Keeps
Canal open for Westerners
The Six Day War (1967)
Israel Gains Territory
Israel offers terms of return
for Palestinians but they
refuse
Six Day War
Israel Defeats
Gains
Egypt
Gaza Strip
Jordan
West Bank
Syria
Golan Heights
Yom Kippur War (1973)
Syria and Egypt attack Golan
Heights and Suez Canal
Egypt spreads across Suez
(Gain for Egypt)
Camp David (1978)
Israel, Egypt and U.S.
Israel returns Sinai to Egypt
Israel gains passage thru
Canal and Tiran
PLO (Palestine Liberation
Organization)
Fight for return for Palestinian
Muslims to Israel/Palestine
Yassar Arafat
Lebanon
On Israeli Border
Civil Wars and fighting with
Israel
Christians, Sunni, Shi’I,
Palestinians, Israeli troops
Hezzbollah
Terrorists
Hijackings, Hostages,
Bombings
Shite Muslims
Iran
Shah Reza - 1940’s
(US Puppet)
Shah’s Autocratic
Government controls
Oil Wealth
Religious leader - Ayatollah
Khomeni exiled in 1960’s
Iran - 94% Shi’i Muslim
Ayatollah returns in 1970’s
Unites people against the
Shah (Strikes and Protests)
1978 Shah Heart Attack, fleas
to U.S.A.
Ayatollah leads attack on U.S.
Embassy
65 Hostages
13 Released Early
Ordeal lasts over 1 Year
Election of Reagan scares
them
Iraq
60% Shi’I
35% Sunni (But did Control the Govt.)
1979 - Saddam Hussein becomes
Military Dictator of Iraq
1980’s War with Iran
1990 Attack Kuwait
2003 Falls from Power
U.S. Takeover
Iraqi-Kuwait Dispute
Iraq claims Kuwait belongs to them
Iraq claims Kuwait steals Oil
Iraq claims Kuwait undercharges USA
and others (Oil)
War in the Gulf
Blow by Blow TV Coverage
Iraq totally defeated by U.S. and
Friends
Israel stays out of war
New Technology
The New War
World Trade Center-Pentagon
Hijackings
September 11, 2001
Bin Laden (Al Queda network)
1000’s Dead
Study for the Map Quiz
Handout Middle East Map