Transcript WHI: SOL 8c

WHI: SOL 8c
Turning Points in Islamic Civilization
Historical turning points
• Death of Ali: Sunni-Shi’a division
• Split into two branches if Islam based on who
should be caliph
• Muslim conquests of Jerusalem and
Damascus
• Conquered by the Umayyad dynasty
• Treated “people of the book” Jews, Christians,
and Zoroastrians to practice their own faith
and follow their own laws
• Damascus was set-up as the capital of the
Umayyad dynasty
• Islamic capital moved to Baghdad
• Abbasid empire overthrew the Umayyad
empire
• Moved the capital to Baghdad
• Baghdad established, grew to be more
powerful and wealthy than Constantinople
• Muslim defeat at the Battle of Tours
• 711 a.d. Muslims conquered Spain
• 731 a.d. Muslims moved north into France to
settle new areas
• Frankish forces defeated the Muslim military,
Islam spread no further into Europe
• Fall of Baghdad to the Mongols
• 1216 a.d. Genghis Khan and Golden Horde
swept across central Asia
• 1258 a.d. Hulagu the grandson of Genghis
Khan burned and looted Baghdad, killing the
Abbasid caliph