Transcript Petrodictators

Dr. Ron Lembke
Hot, Flat & Crowded
Ch. 6
Quaddafi’s Son
 “This dissertation analyzes the problem of how to create
more just and democratic global governing institutions,
exploring the approach of a more formal system of
collective decision-making by the three main actors in
global society governments, civil society and the business
sector.
 Saif Al-Islam Alqadhafi , Ph.D. London School of Economics, 2007
• “We will not let Lybia go…We will
fight until the last man, the last
woman, the last bullet. And we will
never leave it.”
– Saif Al-Islam Alqadhafi , Feb. 21, 2011
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United States
China
Qatar
Kazakhstan
Nigeria
Libya
Russia
Venezuela
United Arab…
Kuwait
Iraq
Iran
Canada
Saudi Arabia
Oil Reserves
300,000,000,000
250,000,000,000
200,000,000,000
150,000,000,000
100,000,000,000
50,000,000,000
Judaisim
 Torah = Pentatuch:
 Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, Deuteronomy
 Historical Books
 Joshua, Judges, 1&2 Samuel, 1&2 Kings, 1&2, Isaiah, Jeremiah,
Ezekiel,
 Minor Prophets: Hosea, Joel, Amos, Obadiah, Jonah, Micah,
Nahum, Habakkuk, Zephaniah, Haggai, Zechariah, Malachi,
 Writings
 Psalms, Proverbs, Job, Song of Solomon, Ruth, Lamentations,
Ecclesiastes, Esther, Daniel, Chronicles, Ezra, Nehemiah
Christianity
O
T
NT
 Bible = Hebrew Scriptures “Old Testament” + New
Testament
 New Testament
 Gospels: Matthew, Mark, Luke John- Jesus’ life

65-90 AD
 Acts of the Apostles
 Letters from Paul- writings to communities about what
Jesus said, did, and meant
 Collection agreed on by 397 AD
Christianity
7
5
670
82
1,147
17
228
82
0.5
Source: Wikipedia
Islam = “submission” to will of God
 Muhammad (“highly praised”) 570-632
 Managed caravans for merchants
 Visiting cave on Mount Hira, 610 told wife visited by an
angel: “Proclaim!”


Convert from pagan polytheism, immorality and materialism,
repent from evil, worship Allah
Careful to say only messenger, not angel, did not know mind
of God, did not work miracles, preached what received
 Five Prophets: Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus,
Muhammad
 Five Pillars: faith, prayer, fasting, pilgrimage and alms
Source: religionfacts.com
Spread of
Islam
 622: Persecuted, escape to Yathrib w/ Abu Bakr
 Hijira: first year of calendar, successful mayor, leader
 632: Muhammad died
 634: covered whole Arabian Peninsula
 730: Atlantic to China
 Caliphs very successful militarily and politically
Caliphate 750 AD
 Stated goal of Al-Quaeda
Shia and Sunni
 Sunni: Abu Bakr, his close friend first caliph (kalifa)
“successor” or “deputy”
 Declared jihad against Byzantine Christians
 1.1 billion, sunnah = “custom”
 Shia: Ali – cousin and son-in-law, 4th caliph
 Some believed he was chosen by Muhammad
 120 million
 Imam interprets mysteries of Q’ran
 velayat-e faqih: Clergy, superior knowledge of laws of
God, best to rule humans preparing for heaven
Q’ran = recitation
 Highest authority in religious, legal matters
 Flawless record of Angel Gabriel’s revelations
 Same length as NT roughly
 114 surahs (chapters)
 Hadith – tradition of the Prophet
 Words and deeds of the Prophet
 Sunnis have 6: 870-915 AD
 Shia add 4 more: 940-1068
Education
Source: Gallup
Wahabbism
 18th century “Revived” by Muhammad ibn Abd al-
Wahhab
 Purge Islam of “impurities”
 Al-Saud dynasty conquered Arabian Peninsula
 1932-Saudi Arabia founded
 Condemns all Shi’a and most Sunnis as not Muslim
 $100b spent promoting it? BBC 2008 programme
Scientific Journal Publications
Data from Scopus, image from Olivier H. Beauchesne