Transcript Google Generation II* Experiment

“Google Generation II” Experiment
Fewer searches and…
a race against time.
Nicolas, Rowlands, & Clark, 2011
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Google Generation II: Search Habits
• Narrow search scope
• Less time searching
• Less time contemplating
Search statements were “cut and paste”
Nicolas, Rowlands, & Clark, 2011
2
Google Generation Trends
Less confident
Visited fewer pages and domains while searching
Less time spent searching
Less time spent evaluating information
Poorer working memories
Nicolas, Rowlands, & Clark, 2011
3
So What? Crowd Sourcing
(N=922)
Narrows search scope
Content
Structural
Openclipar
t
Personal
Piezunka, & Dahlander, 2015
4
Deliberation: Generation Y
Should the U.S. continue at the same rate?
Drone Decision – 2 Groups
DoD, dvidshub
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Drone Q: Should the U.S. continue at the same rate?
Decision
Drone
Explosion
Yes
25
23
No
18
19
No difference in decision
N = 85
Niccoli, 2016
6
Devices: Paradox
Productive
Distracting
Efficient
Instant &
ongoing
gratification
More info
Skills
Overload
7
Overload Effects
Choices and Decisions
Pixabay
8
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Pixabay
9
Decision Fatigue
Computer purchase experiment:
• 3 groups
• Decide which features to
purchase
Pixabay
Tierney, 2011
10
Computer decisions
Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
Studied
features
List of
limited
features
On their
own
No
Decision
Decision
Decision
Which group depleted
the most energy?
n= 30-34/group
Tierney, 2011
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Memory
12
Google Generation: Working Memory
Working Memory
Clipshrine
Generation Y
Google
Generation
21.49
11.70
1973
Pixabay
1993
Nicolas, Rowlands, & Clark, 2011
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Working Memory Tests
Digit Span Memory Test
Introduction to Digit Span Test
Cambridge Brain Sciences
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Memory Recall
(N=1,000)
Clipshrine
Call the house lived in at 15
67.4%
Phone children
34.5%
Not able to phone siblings
Not able to phone friends
44.2%
51.4%
Kaspersky, 2015
15
How many turn to the Internet before trying to remember?
50%
• 28.9% would forget an online fact as soon
as they had used it.
Clipshrine
• “Digital amnesia” is an equal opportunity
phenomena-both genders and generations.
Kaspersky, 2015
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Effort
Access later
Less effort
Clipshrine
17
Memory Storage
New form of external
transactive memory.
Openclipart
18
Memory Outsourcing
91%
Clipshrine
Openclipart
Kaspersky, 2015
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Outsourcing
Rely on smart phones for memory and
everything they need to recall
44%
Clipshrine
Kaspersky, 2015
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Memory Recall
(N=1,000)
• Believe that it’s not necessary to remember facts
found online.
61%
• Increased dependence on the Internet as a source
of information previously memorized.
67.9
%
• No time for libraries or books.
Kaspersky, 2015
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Digital Amnesia Effect and Misattribution
Which memory?
Openclipart
After searching for information
online, people were highly disposed
to mistake information they
accessed with a device as part of
their own memory.
Fisher et al., 2015
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Summary: Habits and Adaptations
• Attention: Shorter sustained and selective
• Processing: Shallow vs. deep
• Search: Narrow scope
• Memory storage (digital amnesia?)
• Novelty seeking & rewards (too much dopamine?)
• Choice biases (screens reinforce?)
• Choice overload (too many decisions?)
• Feedback overload (saturation or anxiety?)
• Multitasking and multi-screens
Openclipart
23
Discuss: Impact Questions
• Learning?
• Patience?
• Activities?
• Productivity?
• Leisure?
• Boredom?
• Energy?
• Social connections?
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Sincere appreciation to the students at the U. S. Coast Guard
Leadership Development Center for their volunteer participation
the Drone exercise.
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CONTACT
Dr. Anne Niccoli
Email: [email protected]
Phone: 860.701.6166
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Image Credits
• Clipshrine: http://www.clipshrine.com/
• DVIDS: Department of Defense. Defense Video Imagery Distribution System.
[photos]. Department of Defense . Retrieved at www.dvidshub.net
• OpenClipart: https://openclipart.org/
• Pixabay: https://pixabay.com/
• Wikimedia: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Main_Page
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