Transcript Cataloging Internet Resources

Cataloging Internet Resources
OLAC/MOUG Conference
October 13, 2000
Linda Barnhart
University of California, San Diego
[email protected]
Objectives:
• To provide basic information from AACR2,
MARC21 and other tools
• To provide a variety of interesting real-life
examples
• To give you helpful tips and hints from
experienced catalogers
• To provide links for further information
• To make you interested and excited about
doing this, so you’ll add more bibliographic
records!
Scope:
• We will cover Internet resources:
– Websites
– Related websites
– Electronic books
– Electronic journals
– Databases
Scope:
• We will NOT cover:
– Direct access computer files (CD-ROMs,
DVDs, or floppy disks)
– Interactive multimedia
– Metadata schemes other than MARC21
• No exercises or tests!
Outline/Agenda:
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Why should we catalog Internet resources?
Characteristics of Internet resources
Key resources to help you in cataloging
How to look at an Internet resource
Choosing a workform
Example 1: Web site
Example 2: Related Web site
Break
Outline/Agenda:
• Example 3: Electronic book
• Example 4: Electronic journal
• Example 5: Database
Why should we catalog
Internet resources?
• We cannot (and wouldn’t want to) catalog the
Internet
• Online catalogs can (should?) provide access to all
formats; web OPACS provide links
• Much valuable information there; we could catalog
selected quality resources
• Users want instant gratification
• The paradigm is shifting, and users go to the
Internet first. What is the role of the library?
• Catalogers (and librarians) know how to organize
things well; the Internet needs help!
Characteristics of Internet
resources that concern
catalogers
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There’s no physical item-in-hand (tangibility)
They change too much (volatility of location)
They change too much (volatility of content)
What is the extent of the item? (granularity)
Barriers to cataloging Internet
resources
• Perception that it’s all original cataloging
• Fear of raising expectations and thus
creating an invisible backlog
• Concern about taking the time to learn
cataloging skills for a new format
• Concern about the priority Internet resources
should have vis-à-vis other library materials
• Challenge of cataloging more with judgment
and precedent than with finely honed rules
You don’t have to do it all!
• Catalog based on library user needs and priorities
• Libraries prioritize Internet resources in different
ways (all should be quality and content-rich
resources):
– Format (e.g., electronic journals)
– Subject (e.g., specialty areas)
– Resources maintained on a local server
– Resources that are unique or locally created
– Resources maintained by reputable
organizations
– Limit to a target number, as a pilot project
Key resources to help you in
cataloging
• Primary sources:
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Nancy Olson’s manual (Second edition)
LC Guidelines for Coding Electronic Resources
CONSER Cataloging Manual Module 31
LC’s Guidelines for the Use of Field 856
OCLC-MARC Coding Guidelines
OCLC tutorial: Online Library Learning Series
ISBD (ER)
• Use UCSD’s TPOT Web site to connect to all
these and more!
How to look at an Internet
resource
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Look at the content
Look at the html
Look for a site map
What do we have in our OPAC that is
related to this?
• Think about granularity. How far do
you want to go in cataloging this?
Choosing a workform
• “Type of Record” coding (fixed field “Type”)
changed significantly in June 1997 to code
for significant aspect of content rather than
physical form
• Choose the workform for the most significant
aspect of the content of the material, e.g.:
– Language material (Type: a)
– Musical sound material (Type: j)
– Cartographic material (Type: e)
Type “m”
• Definition revised and greatly narrowed in
June 1997
• Use “m” (computer file workform) ONLY for:
– Computer software (including programs, games,
fonts)
– Numeric data
– Computer-oriented multimedia
– Online systems or services
Example 1: Web site
• Chief source: main page(s)
• If no main page, then use other
formally presented internal evidence
(e.g., first display of information, HTML
source code, “about” screen, etc.)
• There is usually no accompanying
printed documentation to help
• Source of title is a required note
Terms that have been used in
catalog records for the “Title
from…” note:
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Home Page
Web Page
Title screen
Opening Screen
Initial Screen
Welcome Screen
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Menu
Search Screen
Splash Screen
Introductory Screen
Logon Screen
Familiar fields…..
• Leader/008 (except Form of Item code)
• 1xx
• 245 title and statement of responsibility
(except for $h)
• 246 (often more 246s than for print
resources!)
• 250, 260
• 5xx, 504
• 650, 7xx
LC Subject Headings
• Treat Internet resources like any other form
of material in terms of the number and kind
of subject headings used
• Do not confuse topical headings (or
subdivisions) with genre headings (or
subdivisions)
• SCM sections that apply:
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H 1095
H 1520
H 1580.5
H 2070
Free-floating subdivisions
Databases
Electronic serials
Software and Works about
software
Popular LC subdivisions
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$v
Computer games
$x
Computer network resources
$x
Computer programs
$x/$v
Databases
$v
Electronic discussion groups
$x
Electronic information resources
$v
Interactive multimedia
$v
Juvenile software
$v
Software
NOTE: No subdivision for Web sites!
Other “hooks”
• Strongly recommend defining a local
practice so you can find similar records and
packages again! (Local headings may help
your users, too)
• Possibilities:
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655
690
590
710
793
Other fixed field
Classification of Internet
Resources
• Area of much debate and discussion
• Need to clearly identify Internet
resources so users don’t go to the shelf
• Maybe classification (not full call
number assignment) is enough
• Easier to do when there are print
equivalents, but useful for Web sites
too
Maybe not-so-familiar
fields…...
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008 Form of item: “s”
006 Additional material characteristics
007 Physical characteristics/description
245 $h [computer file]
256 Computer file characteristics
NO 300 field!!!
538 System details note
500 Source of title (required)
856 Electronic location and access
856 field
• Use “Guidelines for the Use of Field 856”
from LC at
http://www.loc.gov/marc/856guide.html
• First indicator: Access method (4=http)
• Second indicator: Relationship (0=resource)
• Commonly used subfields:
– $u URI
– $3 Materials specified
– $z Public note
URL tips and tricks
• Encoding non-USMARC characters:
– %5F for spacing underscore
– %7E for spacing tilde
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Which URL to choose
Some URLs need to be constructed
Multiple 856 fields
URL maintenance after cataloging
Example 2: Related Web site
• Related Web sites are Internet resources
that accompany another primary format
• Examples include an online Table of
Contents for a printed book or online
ordering or subscription information that
relate to a printed serial
• Information about the related Web site can
be included in the record for the printed
material
Time for a break!
Example 3: Electronic Book
• Many electronic book records in
WorldCat:
– netLibrary has over 18,000 separate
records
– Records for other digitized monographs
• Issues with single vs. separate records
• LCRI 1.11A: Reproductions
• Type: a and Bib lvl: m
Electronic Books: Digitized
reprints
• Describe the original, and add information
about the reproduction in a 533
• 006 for electronic; 007 for more specifics of
electronic version
• ISBN for electronic version; ISBN for print in
$z
• Call number for print version remains in
record
• 245 $h computer file
Electronic Books: Digitized
reprints
• netLibrary records contain a 655 for the
genre Electronic books
• 710 field gives added entry for
netLibrary
• 776 field links to bib record for print
edition
• 856 links to netLibrary site
Electronic books:
Consider….
• Adding local “hooks” to collocate these
items in your online catalog
• Use the single record concept! Add:
– 020 for electronic ISBN
– 007
– 530 (Also available on the World Wide
Web…)
– 856
Example 4: Electronic journal
• Type a/bib level s
CONSER and Multiple
Versions
• CONSER calls these “Remote access
computer file serials”
• CCM Module 31 is indispensable!
• “It is preferable to create separate records
for the CONSER database. However,
CONSER members may choose…to note
the existence and electronic location of the
online version in the record for the printed
serial.”
Single vs. separate records
• What do your users want?
• Both techniques are permissible
• Use the separate record technique
when there is no print equivalent
(issued in electronic format only)
• Use the single record technique for
scanned reproductions where the
online content is identical to the print
Special characteristics to
note:
• 007
• 530 Also available via the World Wide
Web
• 740 As needed for electronic titles
• 776 Linking to additional physical form
as needed
• 856
Subject hierarchy needs
• Some libraries like to have lists of electronic
journals by discipline
• Some want this feature in the online catalog;
some want it supported via a Web site
• Consider your needs carefully before you
start
• Local subject heading? Local subdivision?
Genre term(s)? How to implement a
hierarchy?
Coming soon!
• Major revisions to Chapters 9 and 12 by the
Joint Steering Committee for AACR
• Separately published chapter 9 in April?
• Harmonizing AACR with ISBD (ER)
• Recognizing redefinition of serial and new
concept of “integrating resource”
• New bib lvl code, new GMD…. Stay tuned!!
New taxonomy of serials
• Now: Monographs and serials
• Soon: Monographs, serials, and
integrating entities
http://lcweb.loc.gov/acq/conser/modelc.gif
Special characteristics to
note:
• Type a; finite rather than integrating
• Most of the fields will look very familiar
by now
• Note 650 $v Databases
Questions?
Thank you for attending! -- Linda