Transcript Light Year - cloudfront.net

Monday, March 17 2014
Warm up
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Write the following speed terms on your warm up
sheet.
Beside each one write what you think each of the
terms measure.
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Mph Knots Mach Light year Warp -
Mph
miles traveled per hour
Knots
time it takes to travel 1 nautical mile per hour
Mach
objects speed divided by the speed of sound
Light year
distance traveled by light in 1 year
Warp
doesn’t exist except on Star Trek – faster than
the speed of light
Read through the procedure.
Copy the Data Table
Assign Jobs:
Recorder
Walker
Timer
Measurer
Perform the procedure.
Calculate your Student Minute
Answer the questions in your notebook using
complete sentences.
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Light travels at approximately 18,000,000 km/min.
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The sun is approximately 150,000,000 km from Earth.
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How many minutes does it take the sun’s energy to
travel to Earth ?
Answer using a complete sentence.
Hint: Set up a proportion or use the formula for
speed.
You may use a calculator
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Forces that change the shape of the earth
Topography
Sun, Moon, Earth relationships
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Science Benchmark – Wednesday, March 26
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In the model, what represented the light and what
represented the year?
How is a student minute similar to a light year?
How is a student minute different from a light year?
Why do astronomers use light years instead of kms
to measure distances in the universe?
If a star located 65 light years away from Earth stops
giving off light energy at this very moment, how
long will it be before we can know it?
When using a telescope to observe the stars, some
say they are observing the past instead of the
present. What does this mean?
How far is far?
How fast is fast?
A light year is the
DISTANCE that light
will travel, through a
vacuum, in 1 year.
The Speed of Light
c
= 300,000 km
per second
or 186,000 miles per second
 To get an idea of how
fast this is. . . light can
travel about seven times
around Earth in one
second!
Copy the information below and
calculate the answers. Use a calculator.
Light travels at 300,000 km/sec
_____________km/min
_____________km/hour
_____________km/day
_____________km/year
How far is a light-minute?
18,000,000 km or 11,160,000 mi
A light-hour?
1,080,000,000 km or 669,600,000 mi
A light-day?
25,920,000,000 km or 16,070,400,000 mi
A light-year?
9,460,800,000,000 km or 5,865,696,000,000 mi
So, how many kilometers across is our
solar system?
1,080,000,000 x 10 =?
A light-year is the
distance
light travels , in a
vacuum, in one year.
9.5 trillion kms or
6 trillion mi
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When we see the star Betelgeuse in the Orion
constellation, we are seeing the light that left
that star approximately 640 years ago.
So, what is the distance of Betelgeuse from
Earth?
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Explain why this is like looking into the past?
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Answer in complete sentences!
Warm ups are on the
table.
Follow the directions.
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Remembering back to your web-quest assignment
from last week:
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What does AU stand for?
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What does it measure?
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Talk in your group and discuss the answers.
Light years are used to
measure the vast distances
in space.
 In the universe, the
kilometer measure is too
small to use.
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The symbol for light year is “ly”.
For example, the distance to the
next nearest big galaxy, the
Andromeda Galaxy, is 21
quintillion km.
That's 21,000,000,000,000,000,000
km. This is a number so large
that it becomes hard to write, to
relate to, and to use in
calculations.
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Every time you look at
objects in the night sky or
the Sun, the light from
that object is old. You are
looking at history.
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It takes 8.3 light minutes for
light leaving the Sun to reach
the Earth.
To put this in perspective, if
you could drive from the
surface of the Sun to the
surface of the Earth, it would
take you 180 years driving
nonstop at 60 mph.
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Sirius, in the constellation Canis
Major, is the sky’s brightest star.
It is easy to find on winter and
spring evenings.
When you look at Sirius, you are
looking back in time to see how
Sirius looked 8 years ago. The
light left the star 8 years ago.
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As you read:
Write in the margins any questions you have
Circle the date of the theory
Highlight the names of the scientists associated
with the theory
Underline important concepts of the theory
Highlight the main ideas of the evidences of
the theory
 Briefly
explain your
understanding of the big bang
theory.
Use sentences.
 Follow
the directions.
 Analyze
the data by answering
the questions.
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Sit where you were yesterday.
If you need a pencil, I will provide it.
 #2
What
is the density of
the mineral sample.
Mass – 14.7 g
Volume – 2.2 cm³
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Answer on the back of your
scantron.
#17 – C1
#30 – C2
#38 – C3
#44 – C4
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1. Imagine that Location A on the balloon is the
Milky Way and the other locations are distant
galaxies outside the Local Group. How would you
describe the motion of the other galaxies?
2. How do scientists know if other galaxies in the
universe are moving farther away from us?
3. Is this a good model of the universe? Explain.
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12 – 15 billion years ago matter gathered
together under pressure
Hot, dense, ball expanded rapidly
Helium, hydrogen and other gases radiated into
space
Gases cooled, collected and formed galaxies
Expansion continues indefinitely eventually
becoming cold and dark- Open Universe Theory
Closed Universe Theory – Expansion continues
until gravity pulls galaxies back in and another
big bang occurs
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Universe began with big bang
Will not end
Expands outward and slows down
Will stop and contract back inward
Repeat cycle
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Universe remains constant forever
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Galaxies moving away, waves lengthen - red shift
Galaxies moving toward us, waves shorten – blue
shift
Galaxies beyond our Local Group of galaxies show
red shift, therefore it is believed that the universe is
expanding.
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Write a paragraph explaining what you understand
about the Big Bang Theory.
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Include what you think the theory states and why you
think it may or may not be true
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What you think will happen to the universe in the future
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Why you think it is important to study the universe
 Focus
 Read
 Copy
sheets are on the table.
each one.
the answer stem and fill
in with the correct answer.
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Passing Standard – 54%
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Average Score : 68
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144 Students Tested/103
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122 Passed/ 87
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85% passing rate/ 84
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Write the sentence and fill in the blanks.
In my mind, the Universe
is_____________________ and is
made up of
__________________________.
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Develop a timeline for the scientists and their theory
of the universe.
Your timeline should include:
Name of the theory
Scientist /s associated with the theory
Even appropriate increments. (count by 50’s or 100’s)
A brief summary of the theory (5-10 words)
Title the timeline.
Use manilla paper
Use a ruler.
Neatness counts.
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Research project.
10 theories.
Big Bang Theory is the most widely accepted.
Share theories.
Timeline assignment.
Google: name of theory
Thinkquest, pbs, britannica are the best
resources to use.
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Based on what you read yesterday, write a
brief summary of the Big Bang Theory.
Briefly state 2 supports for this theory.
When you finish, pick up your computer and
get started.