Transcript Organic Molecules - NVHSIntroBioPiper1

 Glucose


storage
Animals- glycogen
Plants- cellulose (cell wall)
 Water-
universal solvent
 Photosynthesis-
locations in cell, what goes
into where


Light reactions
Dark reactions
 Cell
communication & specialization
1. Why do cells and blood need buffers?
A. to maintain a constant internal
environment at a pH of 10
B. to minimize the changes in pH of the
internal environment in order to maintain
homeostasis
C. to function properly in an extremely basic
internal environment
D. to function properly in an extremely acidic
internal environment
2. A very strong base might have a pH of ___.
A. 3
B. 5
C. 9
D. 13
 Warm-up
 pH
review
 Notes
 Biomolecules table
 Organic Molecules mini-poster
 Clean-up
 Cool-down

Quiz on Organic Molecules & Enzymes
Tuesday!!
A, B, or N??
1. 4
2. 10
3. 7
4. 14
Pick the stronger acid or base.
5. 9 or 13
6. 4 or 3
7. 14 or 11
Pick the weaker acid or base.
8. 1 or 5
9. 8 or 10
10. 4 or 3
11. Name 2 acidic solutions.
12. Name 2 basic solutions.
13. Name 2 neutral solutions.
Guided Notes 4
 Carbon
has four
valence
electrons, which
means it can form
four bonds
 It can even bond
with itself
 This allows
carbon to form
long chains to
form bigger
compounds
 Carbon
is a very
flexible element-it
can even form rings
 Carbon can form
small moleculescalled monomersand these
monomers join
together to form
larger molecules
called polymers
 There
are four groups of organic
molecules:
1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids
3. Proteins
4. Nucleic Acids
Make
up: carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
(C,H, O)
 Use:
structure and energy
 Examples: starches, cellulose, glycogen, and
sugars-glucose, fructose, galactose
 Simple sugars-monosaccharides
 Complex sugars-polysaccharides
 Storing
glucose in the body
 Animals- glycogen
 Plants- cellulose (cell wall)
Carbohydrates
= sugar
Glucose
Fructose
Sucrose
“-OSE”
= SUGAR = CARB
Make
up: Carbon and Hydrogen (C, H)
Uses:
store energy,
part of membranes
water proof covering
Important: Lipids are not soluble in
water. They are also made up of a
glycerol and three fatty acids
Examples: fats, oils, and waxes
Glycerol
• Fatty Acid
Glycerol
• Fatty Acid
• Fatty Acid
Make
up: nitrogen, carbon,
hydrogen, oxygen) (N, C, H, O)
Use: transport substances, form
bones and muscles, speed up
reactions
Important: Proteins are made up of
chains (polymer) of amino acids
(monomers)
Example: enzymes & hemoglobin &
insulin
Amino
Acid
Amino
Acid
Amino
Acid
 Make
up: hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen,
carbon, and phosphorus (H, O, N, C, P)
 Use: store and transmit genetic
information
 Examples: DNA/RNA
 Important: Nucleic acids are polymers
made up of nucleotides (monomers)
 Nucleotides-5 carbon sugar, phosphate
group, and a nitrogenous base
Nucleotide
Nucleotide
Nucleotide
 What
are the four organic molecules?
 Carbohydrates,
lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
 Which
organic molecules are used for
energy?
 Carbohydrates
and lipids
 What
monomers are nucleic acids made of?
 nucleotides
 What
monomers are proteins made of?
 Amino
acids
 Which
element do all the organic molecules
have in common?
 Carbon
 Wax
and oil are classified as which organic
molecule?
 Lipids
Divide
your paper into 4.
In each square, draw/write
1. Name:
(Lipid, protein, nucleic acid, and
carbohydrate)
2. Monomer:
3. Function/Job:
4. 2 examples:
5. Picture:
6. Any extra info from your notes/book
 Ch
2, pg 34-37 in the Holt book for extra info.
 On
your notecard, answer the following
questions without using your notes.
1. What
are the two organic molecules
used to store energy? Give an example
of each.
2. What
are the subunits of nucleic acids?
1. What are the basic building blocks of
proteins?
A. Nucleic acids
B. Peptide bonds
C. Amino acids
D. Glycerol & fatty acids
2. Which of the following compounds may be
polymers?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Nucleic acids
C. Protein
D. All of the above
 Warm-up
 Notes
 Biomolecules
worksheet
 Demos / Video
 Stations
 Organic Molecules Poster (cont’d.)
 Clean-up

Quiz on Organic Molecules & Enzymes
Tuesday!!
Guided Notes 5
Indicator
tests are used to test
unknown substances for the
presence of organic
macromolecules (proteins, lipids,
starch, and the monomer glucose).
When
added, Biurets
solution turns purple in the
presence of protein.
Brown
paper turns
translucent (light
passes through) in
the presence of
lipids
Iodine
turns dark blueblack in the presence
of starch.
Benedicts
solution
plus heat turns
orange in presence
of simple sugars