Transcript A History of Music in Western Culture

The Renaissance
Historical Perspective
1420-1600
Copyright © 2006 Jacksonville High School, Christopher D. Howard
This information may be used and reproduced for educational purposes as long as proper credit is given.
Period Distinctions
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Period Names Distinct to Music
Shifts in thought, major
innovations/inventions in technology or
music/art practices
About the Renaissance:
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“Renaissance” is French- rebirth
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Antiquity-Greek/Roman thought
“Empiricism” – Learning by doing
Philosophical and Scientific Explanations
Retrospective terminology
Constantinople fell to Turks in 1453-new
(old) manuscripts
Humanism
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Human values and reasoning
Began to rebuke second-hand
interpretations of religion
REASON and FAITH begin to govern
Christian practices—this is new.
European Highlights
Just the hits…
Information
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Population began to rise
What’s happening in France?
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(1431) Joan of Arc burned at the stake
causing a surge of French Nationality.
France wins Hundred Years War
What’s happening in France?
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Francois Rabelais (ca. 1484-1553)
Ex-Franciscan Monk, humanist and
physician
Wrote on the pleasures of life
“Comic Prose”—vile, crude, often
considered in poor taste—forbade by the
Catholic Church
What’s happening in France?
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Gothic and Classic Italian architecture
combine to form the Chateux (Castle).
Among the first and most impressive,
Château de Chambord (King Francis I)
Château de Chambord, 1547
SOURCE: http://www.castles.org/castles/Europe/Western_Europe/France/france5.htm
What’s happening in France?
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King Francis I—patronage contributed
greatly to architectural output
Supported the arts (Leonardo da
Vinci)
What’s happening in England?
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Wars of Roses-civil wars fought b/t 1455-1487
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B/T Yorkists (Red) and Lancastrians (White)
Begin as both houses were vying for the crown (Henry VI,
mentally ill)—both were descendants of King Edward III
Ended when Henry Tudor (Henry VII) of Lancaster
defeated King Richard III of York and married into the York
family.
Tudor reign lasted until death of Elizabeth I in 1603
What’s happening in England?
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Eventually separated from Catholic Church
to become Protestant (Henry VIII then
Elizabeth I, 1558)—Church of England or
Anglican Church
(1553) Queen Mary of England attempted to
make England Catholic-Bloody Mary
(hundreds of Protestants executed)
What’s happening in England?
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(1594) William Shakespeare, the
playwright, premieres Romeo and
Juliet
What’s happening in Italy?
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No stable ‘central’ government (aside
from Rome-the church)
City-State, local rule
Cosimo de Medici
1501 Moveable Music Type, Petrucci
What’s happening in Italy?
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Michelangelo (David and The Sistine
Chapel)
Leondardo da Vinci (Mona Lisa)
What’s happening in Spain?
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Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of
Castille married-powerful monarchy
Spanish Inquisition-expelled heretics
(anti-Catholic/Christian)
Columbus (1492) Magellan (1519)
Spanish Armada
What’s happening Germany?
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Martin Luther
Johannes Gutenberg-moveable type
(printing press innovation), ca. 1455
– Bible first printed on new system
The Protestant
Reformation
Began 1517
See Protestant Reformation
PowerPoint
Source
Bonds, Mark Evan. A History of Music in
Western Culture. Upper Saddle River:
Pearson Education, Inc., 2003.