Transcript Body Composition Questions

Body Composition Questions
Why is exercise an essential part of fatloss programs?
Increases E expenditure.
Creates a negative E balance.
Retains muscle tissue.
Increases use of fat as a fuel.
Hormone secretion.
Body Composition Questions
How does improved CV fitness help
control body composition?
Can accomplish more work.
Use fat as a primary fuel source.
Body Composition Questions
What effect does exercise have on the
resting metabolic rate?
Increases RMR.
Increases post-exercise MR.
Body Composition Questions
Is aerobic exercise better than resistance
exercise for fat loss?
Resistance training may be as effective as
aerobic training in fat-loss programs.
Both should make-up a fat-loss program.
Body Composition Questions
Is high-intensity exercise better than lowintensity exercise for fat loss?
The duration of the exercise and total
distance is much more important than the
speed (intensity) of exercise for
maximizing the energy expenditure.
Body Composition Questions
Are spot reduction exercises effective for
decreasing body fat in localized regions of
the body?
No.
The regional distribution and mobilization
of adipose tissue appears to follow a
biologically selective pattern regardless of
type of exercise.
Body Composition Questions
Why should a fat loss diet include at least
55-65% carbohydrates?
CHO helps maintain normal function of
the nervous system because nerve tissue
relies solely on glucose as a fuel for
energy.
Body Composition Questions
Consuming adequate amounts of CHO on
a daily basis prevents the depletion of
glycogen stores and the need to
synthesize glucose from the body’s protein
(protein-sparing effect).
Body Composition Questions
When glycogen stores are depleted, the
glucose needs of the body are met
through the breakdown of muscle protein.
This leads to a loss of lean tissue rather
than fat.
Body Composition Questions
CHO is also essential for fat metabolism.
When CHOs are restricted or CHO stores
are depleted, more fatty acids are
mobilized from adipose tissue that can be
metabolized by the body.
Body Composition Questions
This results in the incomplete breakdown
of lipids and the formation of ketone
bodies that may cause ketosis.
Body Composition Questions
In addition, muscle glycogen and glucose
are the primary fuels used during intense,
short-term exercise and prolonged,
submaximal exercise.
Body Composition Questions
Inclusion of adequate amounts of CHO in
the diet prevents depletion of muscle
glycogen and the consequent reduction in
endurance performance.
Body Composition Questions
Why do low-carbohydrate diets produce
such a rapid weight loss?
Diets that limit or totally exclude CHO
produce a rapid weight loss.
When CHO intake is low, muscle glycogen
stores are depleted rapidly.
Body Composition Questions
For every gram of CHO, 3 grams of H20
are stored in the body.
When glycogen stores are depleted, the
loss of water leads to a dramatic weight
loss because each liter of water weighs
approximately 2 lbs.
Body Composition Questions
The weight is regained rapidly, however,
when CHO intake returns to normal.
Body Composition Questions
Why are low carbohydrate diets unsafe?
Low CHO intake may lead to fatigue,
hypoglycemia, and ketosis.
Body Composition Questions
Are high-protein diets safe?
High-protein diets that limit CHO intake
promote muscle tissue loss.
When CHO intake is restricted, the
glucose needs of the body are met by
breaking down proteins.
Body Composition Questions
Excessive protein intake does not promote
protein synthesis.
Instead the excess protein is metabolized.
Body Composition Questions
The amino acids are deaminated, the
excess nitrogen is excreted in the urine as
urea, and the remaining carbon skeleton
is converted to glucose or used as an
energy fuel.
Body Composition Questions
Some high-protein diets require drinking
large quantities of water to prevent the
dehydration caused by excess urea
production and to wash away ketone
bodies.
Body Composition Questions
Dehydration and the additional stress
placed on the kidneys may be potentially
dangerous, especially for individuals with
kidney problems or gout.
Body Composition Questions
Are high-fat diets unsafe?
Yes
They produce high levels of serum
cholesterol and triglycerides which may
lead to atherosclerosis.
Body Composition Questions
Typically high-fat diets are high in
calories, therefore a smaller volume of
food must be consumed.
There are no metabolic pathways in the
body for converting fatty acids to glucose,
so excess fat is stored in adipose tissue.
Body Composition Questions
What is the danger of fasting or skipping
meals to promote weight loss?
Potential side effects include kidney
malfunction, hyperuricemia, loss of hair,
dizziness, fainting, and muscle cramping.
Body Composition Questions
When the body is deprived of food, it
responds by increasing the fat-depositing
enzymes and storing more fat.
The body will also metabolize protein to
meet its energy needs.
Body will absorb more of the food that
appears in digestive system.