Transcript Substance_Use_Disorders

Substance use Disorders
Dr. Paul F. Hard, LPC-S, NCC
Drug Use & Abuse
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HX Aspects
DSM-IV Criteria
Who Definition
Basic Effects
Theoretical Models
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Historical Aspects
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Opium in use for over 3000 years
Laudanum for the treatment of children
Hallucinogens & Alcohol in religious
settings
Drugs, set & setting – HX & expectation
Addiction: will, vice/sin, habit, medical
or moral model
Historical Aspects
Emmaus Winepress
History of Alcohol
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Wine was first produced in 6,000 BC in the
area of Mesopotamia. During the Biblical
times (Iron/Persian Age) the wine making
industry was wide spread in the Holy Land
and was one of the largest exports.
The Bible has dozens of references to wine,
wine making and winepresses. The first
reference is of Noah, the World's first
winemaker (Genesis 9 21-22: "And Noah
... planted a vineyard: And he drank of the
wine, and was drunken...").
Substance Abuse in the Animal
Kingdom
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TqS
VzsAcTrs
DSM-IV Criteria
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Withdrawal = addiction: no withdrawal
= no addiction - but Physical Addiction
is not always the case
LOSS OF CONTROL!
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Impairment in daily functioning
Physical or emotional adaptation to a drug
CCC = Loss of Control; Continued use
despite . . . ; Compulsion
WHO Definition
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Dependence Syndrome
neuroadaptation
Basic Effects of Drugs
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Drug definition
Psychoactive drugs
Potency
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Route of Administration
Ability of the drug to enter the brain
How well the drug interacts with brain
receptors
Neuroadaptation
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Tolerance
Physical Dependence
Withdrawal (Abstinence) Syndrome
Theoretical Models
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Personality & Psychological Models
Genetic Vulnerability
Opponent-Process Theory
Positive Reinforcement
Conditioning and Learning Models
Model Models
Alcohol
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Use & Abuse
Defining Alcoholism
Etiology of Alcoholism
Clinical Subgroups of Alcoholics
Treatment
Medical & Social Complications
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Alcohol
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Etiology of Alcoholism
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Biological Vulnerability
Personality & Psychological Factors
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Antisocial personality
Tension Reduction
Stress
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Alcohol
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Clinical Subgroups of Alcoholics
• Type 1
• Type 2
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Alcohol
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Treatment
• Detoxification
• Cognitive Behavioral
• Drug Treatment
• Prognosis & Effects
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Alcohol
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Medical & Social Complications
• 100,000 annual deaths
• $100 billion in cost
• Half all suicides, homocides and
accidents
• Fetal alcohol syndrome & other
medical issues
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Stimulants
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Use of Methamphetamine
Use & Effects of Cocaine
Cocaine Dependence
Treatment
Social & Medical Complications
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Hallucinogens
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Effects of Hallucinogens
Medical & Social Complications
PCP & MDMA
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Marijuana
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Effects of Marijuana
Medical & Social Complications
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Tobacco
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Effects of Nicotine
Nicotine Dependence
Treatment
Medical & Social Complications
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Barbiturates &
Benzodiazepines
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Effects of Sedatives
Sedative Dependence
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Reducing Drug
Abuse
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Legalize Drugs?
Limit Drug Availability?
Drug Education & Prevention
Improve Treatment & Research
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Putting it all
Together
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